Evidence for nonreciprocal organization of the mouse auditory thalamocortical-corticothalamic projection systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 507 (2) ◽  
pp. 1209-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Llano ◽  
S. Murray Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Corticothalamic Projection

Corticotectal and corticothalamic efferent projections of SIV somatosensory cortex in cat

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Stein ◽  
R. F. Spencer ◽  
S. B. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Anterior Ectosylvian Sulcus ◽  
Ventrobasal Complex ◽  
Posterior Group ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection ◽  
Efferent Projections

Substantial corticotectal (and corticothalamic) projections from the cortex of the anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AES) were demonstrated in the cat using the axonal transport methods of autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase. The corticotectal projection arises nearly exclusively from medium-large pyramidal cells in lamina V. One of the densest projecting areas of the AES is the rostral aspect of its superior bank, where a fourth somatotopic representation (SIV) has recently been demonstrated. It terminates in the intermediate and deep laminae of the superior colliculus, where somatic cells are located. The pathway is bilateral but much heavier ipsilaterally than contralaterally. In contrast to the substantial corticotectal projection from SIV and adjacent tissue, there was no unequivocal evidence for a corticotectal projection from traditional somatosensory cortex SI-SIII. This finding, that somatosensory projections to the cat superior colliculus arise from an area outside of SI-SIII, was unexpected on the basis of what is known about visual corticotectal projections. However, it is consistent with the patterns of other cortical projections that terminate in the intermediate and deep laminae of this structure and with the absence of demonstrable corticotectal influences from SI to SIII in this animal. These data are in contrast to demonstrations by other investigators that there is a corticotectal projection from SI cortex in rodents. Apparently there is a fundamental species difference in the organization of descending somatosensory pathways. A corticothalamic projection of the AES was also observed. This descending projection appeared to form a shell of labeled cells and fibers around the ventrobasal complex, but unequivocal terminal labeling within the ventrobasal complex could not be demonstrated. Dense terminal labeling was apparent in the posterior group of thalamic nuclei (PO) where thalamocortical afferents to the AES originate.

Spatial organization of thalamocortical and corticothalamic projection systems in the rat SmI barrel cortex

1989 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Chmielowska ◽  
George E. Carvell ◽  
Daniel J. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection

scholarly journals Corticothalamic Inhibition in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Edward G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Barrel Cortex ◽  
Thalamic Reticular Nucleus ◽  
Reticular Nucleus ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Inhibitory Network ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection ◽  
Substantial Network ◽  
Layer Vi

Mutual inhibition between the GABAergic cells of the thalamic reticular nucleus (RTN) is important in regulating oscillations in the thalamocortical network, promoting those in the spindle range of frequencies over those at lower frequencies. Excitatory inputs to the RTN from the cerebral cortex are numerically large and particularly powerful in inducing spindles. However, the extent to which corticothalamic influences can engage the inhibitory network of the RTN has not been fully explored. Focal electrical stimulation of layer VI in the barrel cortex of the mouse thalamocortical slice in vitro resulted in prominent di- or polysynaptic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in RTN cells under the experimental conditions used. The majority of cortically induced responses consisted of mixed PSCs in which the inhibitory component predominated or of large IPSCs alone, implying inhibition of neighboring cells by other, cortically excited RTN cells. Within the mixed PSCs, fixed and variable latency components could commonly be identified. IPSCs could be blocked by application of ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists or of GABAA receptor antagonists, also indicating their dependence on corticothalamic excitation triggering disynaptic or polysynaptic inhibition. Spontaneous GABAA receptor-dependent IPSCs were routinely observed in the RTN and, taken together with the results of cortical stimulation, indicate the existence of a substantial network of intrareticular inhibitory connections that can be effectively recruited by the corticothalamic system. These results suggest activation of cortical excitatory inputs triggers the propagation of inhibitory currents within the RTN and support the view that activation of the RTN from the somatosensory cortex, although focused by the topography of the corticothalamic projection, is capable of disynaptically engaging the whole inhibitory network of the RTN, by local and probably by reentrant GABAA receptor–based synapses, thus spreading the corticothalamic influence throughout the RTN.

scholarly journals The dual pattern of corticothalamic projection of the primary auditory cortex in macaque monkey

2004 ◽  
Vol 358 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Rouiller ◽  
Caroline Durif
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Macaque Monkey ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection

The dual pattern of corticothalamic projection of the premotor cortex in macaque monkeys

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (03) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Rouiller ◽  
Thierry Wannier ◽  
Anne Morel
Keyword(s):  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection

scholarly journals The influence of the corticothalamic projection on responses in thalamus and cortex

2002 ◽  
Vol 357 (1428) ◽  
pp. 1823-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentin Wörgötter ◽  
Dirk Eyding ◽  
Jeffrey D. Macklis ◽  
Klaus Funke
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Afferent Input ◽  
Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection ◽  
Corticothalamic Feedback

We review results on the in vivo properties of neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) that receives its afferent input from the retina and projects to the visual cortex. In addition, the dLGN receives input from the brain stem and from a rather strong corticothalamic back–projection, which originates in layer 6 of the visual cortex. We compare the behaviour of dLGN cells during spontaneous changes of the frequency contents of the electroencephalograph (EEG) (which are mainly related to a changing brain stem influence), with those that are obtained when experimentally silencing the corticothalamic feedback. The spatial and temporal response properties of dLGN cells are compared during these two conditions, and we report that the neurons behave similarly during a synchronized EEG state and during inactive corticothalamic feedback. In both situations, dLGN cells are rather phasic and their remaining tonic activity is temporally dispersed, indicating a hyperpolarizing effect. By means of a novel method, we were able to chronically eliminate a large proportion of the corticothalamic projection neurons from the otherwise intact cortex. In this condition, we found that cortical cells also lose their EEG specific response differences but, in this instance, probably due to a facilitatory (depolarizing) plasticity reaction of the remaining network.

scholarly journals Delineating the Organization of Projection Neuron Subsets with Multi-fluorescent Rabies Virus Tracing Tool

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Li ◽  
Yajie Tang ◽  
Leqiang Sun ◽  
Jinsong Yu ◽  
Hui Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Projection Neuron ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection ◽  
Virus Tracing ◽  
Layer V ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Layer Vi

AbstractThe elegant functions of the brain are facilitated by sophisticated connections between neurons, the architecture of which is frequently characterized by one nucleus connecting to multiple targets via projection neurons. Delineating the sub-nucleus fine architecture of projection neurons in a certain nucleus could greatly facilitate its circuit, computational, and functional resolution. Here, we developed multi-fluorescent rabies virus to delineate the fine organization of corticothalamic projection neuron subsets in the primary visual cortex (V1). By simultaneously labeling multiple distinct subsets of corticothalamic projection neurons in V1 from their target nuclei in thalamus (dLGN, LP, LD), we observed that V1-dLGN corticothalamic neurons were densely concentrated in layer VI, except for several sparsely scattered neurons in layer V, while V1-LP and V1-LD corticothalamic neurons were localized to both layers V and VI. Meanwhile, we observed a fraction of V1 corticothalamic neurons targeting multiple thalamic nuclei, which was further confirmed by fMOST whole-brain imaging. We further conceptually proposed an upgraded sub-nucleus tracing system with higher throughput (21 subsets) for more complex architectural tracing. The multi-fluorescent RV tracing tool can be extensively applied to resolve architecture of projection neuron subsets, with a strong potential to delineate the computational and functional organization of these nuclei.

scholarly journals Corticothalamic Projection Neuron Development beyond Subtype Specification: Fog2 and Intersectional Controls Regulate Intraclass Neuronal Diversity

Neuron ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Galazo ◽  
Jason G. Emsley ◽  
Jeffrey D. Macklis
Keyword(s):  
Projection Neuron ◽  
Neuronal Diversity ◽  
Neuron Development ◽  
Corticothalamic Projection
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