Automated Growth of Si1−x
                        
Ge
                            x
                        
 Single Crystals with Constant Axial Gradient by Czochralski Technique

Abstract For the first time, single crystals of undoped lithium tungstate and lithium tungstate doped by 1.25% molybdenum were grown by the low-temperature-gradient Czochralski technique. The standard formation enthalpies, lattices enthalpies, stabilization energies, and the heat capacity were determined in the temperature range of 320-997 K. The lattice enthalpy dependence on Mo content was constructed.

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Graded X-ray Optics for Synchrotron Radiation Applications

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation ◽

10.1107/s0909049597019043 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 239-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. Erko ◽

M. Veldkamp ◽

W. Gudat ◽

N. V. Abrosimov ◽

S. N. Rossolenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synchrotron Radiation ◽

Magnetron Sputtering ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Theoretical Data ◽

Lattice Parameter ◽

Structure And Properties ◽

Czochralski Technique ◽

Spectral Measurements ◽

Optical Elements ◽

X Ray

Using X-ray diffractometry and spectral measurements, the structure and properties of graded X-ray optical elements have been examined. Experimental and theoretical data on X-ray supermirrors, which were prepared by the magnetron sputtering technique using precise thickness control, are reported. Measurements on graded aperiodic Si1−x Ge x single crystals, which were grown by the Czochralski technique, are also presented. The lattice parameter of such a crystal changes almost linearly with increasing Ge concentration. The measurements indicate that Si1−x Ge x crystals with concentrations up to 7 at.% Ge can be grown with a quality comparable to that of pure Si crystals.

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Growing Large Size Complex Oxide Single Crystals by Czochralski Technique for Electronic Devices

Acta Physica Polonica A ◽

10.12693/aphyspola.124.314 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 314-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

I.M. Solskii ◽

D.Yu. Sugak ◽

M.M. Vakiv

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

Electronic Devices ◽

Complex Oxide ◽

Czochralski Technique ◽

Large Size

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The growth of Nd:CaWO4 single crystals

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0312001g ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 1001-1009 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aleksandar Golubovic ◽

Slobodanka Nikolic ◽

Rados Gajic ◽

Stevan Djuric ◽

Andreja Valcic

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Chromic Acid ◽

Critical Diameter ◽

Published Data ◽

Hydrodynamic Equations ◽

Czochralski Technique ◽

Critical Rate ◽

X Ray ◽

C 30

CaWO4 doped with 0.8 % at. Nd (Nd:CaWO4) single crystals were grown from the melt in air by the Czochralski technique. The critical diameter dc = 1.0 cm and the critical rate of rotation ?c = 30 rpm were calculated from hydrodynamic equations for buoyancy-driven and forced convection. The rate of crystal growth was experimentally obtained to be 6.7 mm/h. For chemical polishing, a solution of 1 part saturated chromic acid (CrO3 in water) and 3 parts conc. H3PO4 (85 %) at 433 K with an exposure time of 2 h was found to be adequate. A mixture of 1 part concentrated HF and 2 parts chromic acid at room temperature after exposure for 30 min was found to be a suitable etching solution. The lattice parameters a = 0.52404 (6) nm, c = 1.1362 (6) nm and V0 = 0.312 (2) nm3 were determined by X-ray powder diffraction. The obtained results are discussed and compared with published data.

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Investigation of copper doped InP single crystals grown by Czochralski technique for use in X-ray detection

physica status solidi (a) ◽

10.1002/pssa.200460420 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 202 (4) ◽

pp. 555-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

K. Zdansky ◽

J. Zavadil ◽

L. Pekarek ◽

V. Gorodynskyy ◽

H. Kozak

Keyword(s):

Single Crystals ◽

Czochralski Technique ◽

X Ray

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Structural investigation and scintillation properties of Cd1−xZnxWO4 solid solution single crystals

CrystEngComm ◽

10.1039/c4ce02544j ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 3503-3508 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jingfu Zhang ◽

Jingen Pan ◽

Jie Yin ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Jianguo Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Solution ◽

Single Crystals ◽

Structural Investigation ◽

Structural Evolution ◽

Czochralski Technique

Crystals of Cd1−xZnxWO4 (x < 0.5) were grown by the Czochralski technique. The structural evolution and scintillation properties of Cd1−xZnxWO4 samples were investigated.

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