scholarly journals Manipulating host resistance structure reveals impact of pathogen dispersal and environmental heterogeneity on epidemics

Ecology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 2853-2863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Penczykowski ◽  
Steven R. Parratt ◽  
Benoit Barrès ◽  
Suvi K. Sallinen ◽  
Anna‐Liisa Laine
Keyword(s):  
Host Resistance ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Resistance Structure

Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Infected Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
Egbert W. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Vein Clearing ◽  
Basal Septum ◽  
Concentration Levels

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection has been studied in several investigations of Nicotiana tabacum leaf tissue. Earlier studies have suggested that TMV infection does not have precise infective selectivity vs. specific types of tissues. Also, such tissue conditions as vein banding, vein clearing, liquification and suberization may result from causes other than direct TMV infection. At the present time, it is thought that the plasmodesmata, ectodesmata and perhaps the plasmodesmata of the basal septum may represent the actual or more precise sites of TMV infection.TMV infection has been implicated in elevated levels of oxidative metabolism; also, TMV infection may have a major role in host resistance vs. concentration levels of phenolic-type enzymes. Therefore, enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and phenylalamine ammonia-lyase may show an increase in activity in response to TMV infection. It has been reported that TMV infection may cause a decrease in o-dihydric phenols (chlorogenic acid) in some tissues.

Hypersensitive lignification response as the mechanism of non-host resistance of wheat against oat crown rust

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno M. Moerschbacher ◽  
Ulrike Noll ◽  
Carlos A. Ocampo ◽  
Berenike E. Flott ◽  
Uwe Gotthardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Oat Crown Rust

Environmental Heterogeneity, Genetic Polymorphism, and Reproductive Strategies

1981 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. McLeod ◽  
D. J. Hornbach ◽  
S. I. Guttman ◽  
C. M. Way ◽  
A. J. Burky
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity

Effects produced by Royal Jelly on haematopoiesis: relation with host resistance against Ehrlich ascites tumour challenge

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Bincoletto ◽  
Samara Eberlin ◽  
Camila A.V. Figueiredo ◽  
Marcos B. Luengo ◽  
Mary L.S. Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Host Resistance ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Ascites Tumour ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites ◽  
Ehrlich Ascites Tumour

scholarly journals Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Velo-Antón ◽  
André Lourenço ◽  
Pedro Galán ◽  
Alfredo Nicieza ◽  
Pedro Tarroso
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Landscape Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
Contact Zones

AbstractExplicitly accounting for phenotypic differentiation together with environmental heterogeneity is crucial to understand the evolutionary dynamics in hybrid zones. Species showing intra-specific variation in phenotypic traits that meet across environmentally heterogeneous regions constitute excellent natural settings to study the role of phenotypic differentiation and environmental factors in shaping the spatial extent and patterns of admixture in hybrid zones. We studied three environmentally distinct contact zones where morphologically and reproductively divergent subspecies of Salamandra salamandra co-occur: the pueriparous S. s. bernardezi that is mostly parapatric to its three larviparous subspecies neighbours. We used a landscape genetics framework to: (i) characterise the spatial location and extent of each contact zone; (ii) assess patterns of introgression and hybridization between subspecies pairs; and (iii) examine the role of environmental heterogeneity in the evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones. We found high levels of introgression between parity modes, and between distinct phenotypes, thus demonstrating the evolution to pueriparity alone or morphological differentiation do not lead to reproductive isolation between these highly divergent S. salamandra morphotypes. However, we detected substantial variation in patterns of hybridization across contact zones, being lower in the contact zone located on a topographically complex area. We highlight the importance of accounting for spatial environmental heterogeneity when studying evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones.

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