scholarly journals Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) variants are genetic risk factors for death and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in liver cirrhosis

Hepatology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Appenrodt ◽  
Frank Grünhage ◽  
Martin G. Gentemann ◽  
Lydia Thyssen ◽  
Tilman Sauerbruch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Genetic Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

scholarly journals An Epidemiological Meta-Analysis on the Worldwide Prevalence, Resistance, and Outcomes of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe Wen Lin Tay ◽  
Jieling Xiao ◽  
Darren Jun Hao Tan ◽  
Cheng Ng ◽  
Yan Nerng Lye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Background and Aims: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common and potentially fatal complication of liver cirrhosis. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of SBP among liver cirrhotic patients according to geographical location and income level, and risk factors and outcomes of SBP.Methods: A systematic search for articles describing prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of SBP was conducted. A single-arm meta-analysis was performed using generalized linear mix model (GLMM) with Clopper-Pearson intervals.Results: Ninety-Nine articles, comprising a total of 5,861,142 individuals with cirrhosis were included. Pooled prevalence of SBP was found to be 17.12% globally (CI: 13.63–21.30%), highest in Africa (68.20%; CI: 12.17–97.08%), and lowest in North America (10.81%; CI: 5.32–20.73%). Prevalence of community-acquired SBP was 6.05% (CI: 4.32–8.40%), and 11.11% (CI: 5.84–20.11%,) for healthcare-associated SBP. Antibiotic-resistant microorganisms were found in 11.77% (CI: 7.63–17.73%) of SBP patients. Of which, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was most common (6.23%; CI: 3.83–9.97%), followed by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms (6.19%; CI: 3.32–11.26%), and lastly vancomycin-resistant enterococci (1.91%; CI: 0.41–8.46%). Subgroup analysis comparing prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and outcomes between income groups was conducted to explore a link between socioeconomic status and SBP, which revealed decreased risk of SBP and negative outcomes in high-income countries.Conclusion: SBP remains a frequent complication of liver cirrhosis worldwide. The drawn link between income level and SBP in liver cirrhosis may enable further insight on actions necessary to tackle the disease on a global scale.

Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Containing Protein 2 Variants in Patients with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1545-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat M. M. Harputluoglu ◽  
Ramazan Dertli ◽  
Baris Otlu ◽  
Ulvi Demirel ◽  
Ozkan Yener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Nucleotide Binding ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

scholarly journals The Risk of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Cirrhotic Patients Receiving Norfloxacin for Secondary Prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis—A Real Life Cohort

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Irina Girleanu ◽  
Anca Trifan ◽  
Laura Huiban ◽  
Cristina Muzica ◽  
Roxana Nemteanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Background and Objectives: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis. Antibiotic prophylaxis is effective but can lead to an increased incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of CDI and the risk factors in cirrhotic patients with a previous episode of SBP receiving norfloxacin as secondary prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: We performed a prospective, cohort study including patients with liver cirrhosis and SBP, successfully treated over a 2-year period in a tertiary university hospital. All the patients received secondary prophylaxis for SBP with norfloxacin 400 mg/day. Results: There were 122 patients with liver cirrhosis and SBP included (mean age 57.5 ± 10.8 years, 65.5% males). Alcoholic cirrhosis was the major etiology accounting for 63.1% of cases. The mean MELD score was 19.7 ± 6.1. Twenty-three (18.8%) of all patients developed CDI during follow-up, corresponding to an incidence of 24.8 cases per 10,000 person-years. The multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that alcoholic LC etiology (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.104–2.441, p = 0.029) and Child-Pugh C class (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.257–3.850, p = 0.034) were independent risk factors for CDI development during norfloxacin secondary prophylaxis. The development of CDI did not influence the mortality rates in cirrhotic patients with SBP receiving norfloxacin. Conclusions: Cirrhotic patients with SBP and Child-Pugh C class and alcoholic liver cirrhosis had a higher risk of developing Clostridioides difficile infection during norfloxacin secondary prophylaxis. In patients with alcoholic Child-Pugh C class liver cirrhosis, alternative prophylaxis should be evaluated as SBP secondary prophylaxis.

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