Studies in the development of frog hybrids. I. Embryonic development in the cross Rana pipiens ♀ × Rana sylvatica ♂

1946 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Rana Sylvatica ◽  
The Cross

The biology of Trypanosoma andersoni n. sp. and Trypanosoma grylli Nigrelli, 1944 (Kinetoplastida) from Hyla versicolor LeConte, 1825 (Anura)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian O. Reilly ◽  
P. T. K. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Rana Sylvatica ◽  
Hyla Versicolor ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
Hyla Cinerea ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Osteopilus Septentrionalis ◽  
Centrifugation Technique ◽  
Acris Gryllus

From May 1979 to July 1980, the blood of 196 mature Hyla versicolor LeConte from six sites in southern Ontario and southeastern Manitoba was examined for trypanosomes using the haematocrit centrifugation technique. Trypanosoma andersoni n. sp. and Trypanosoma grylli Nigrelli were found in 5.2 and 5.6% of the frogs examined. Three frogs (1.5%) were infected with both species of trypanosomes. Blood trypomastigotes of both species were monomorphic. Blood trypomastigotes of T. andersoni n. sp. were long and slender, tapering at both ends, whereas those of T. grylli were pyriform with a rounded posterior and tapered anterior.Both blood and culture forms of these trypanosomes were infective to laboratory-raised H. versicolor and Hyla crucifer Wied. Trypanosoma grylli was also infective to a field-collected Acris gryllus (LeConte). Neither trypanosome was infective to laboratory-raised Rana catesbeiana Shaw, Rana clamitans Rafinesque tadpoles, Rana pipiens Schreber, Rana sylvatica LeConte, or Xenopus laevis Daudin. Trypanosoma andersoni n. sp. was also not infective to laboratory-raised Bufo americanus Holbrook, Pseudacris triseriata (Wied), or to field-collected Hyla cinerea (Schneider) and Osteopilus septentrionalis Dumeril and Bibron. Neither species was infective to field-collected Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque).

Embryonic stages: morphology, timing, and variance in the toad Bombina orientalis

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1540-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sussman ◽  
T. W. Betz
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Bombina Orientalis ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Curve Fit ◽  
Stage Change ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Time Lapse Photography

A Staged series (n = 25–476} with time data for Bombina orientalis embryonic development is presented. Stages for Bombina and Rana pipiens seem identical except that approximately 50% of opercular closures are symmetrical in Bombina. Counting numbers of embryos at a stage at regular intervals allowed mathematical interpolation of the average time of stage change. A single systematic curve fit the average time per stage of embryonic development, while the increase with time in variance per stage of development was primarily linear. It is possible that the increasing complexity of morphological interstage changes causes increases in the interstage interval and variance per stage over time. The reported method of arriving al a staged series for a previously undocumented species seems more efficient than time-lapse photography. The unusually easy maintenance and dependability or Bombina, contrasting with some amphibians, suggest its use where others have been less practical.

scholarly journals RESPIRATION OF HOMOGENIZED EMBRYOS: RANA PIPIENS AND RANA PIPIENS ♀ x RANA SYLVATICA ♂

1957 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN R. GREGG ◽  
FRANCES L. RAY
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Rana Sylvatica
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