Astroglial cells in the central nervous system of the adult brown anole lizard,Anolis sagrei, revealed by intermediate filament immunohistochemistry

2005 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Lazzari ◽  
Valeria Franceschini
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Anolis Sagrei ◽  
Astroglial Cells ◽  
Anole Lizard ◽  
Brown Anole ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Refining the concept of GFAP toxicity in Alexander disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albee Messing
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Alexander Disease ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Sequence Variants ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Background Alexander disease is caused by dominantly acting mutations in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the major intermediate filament of astrocytes in the central nervous system. Main body In addition to the sequence variants that represent the origin of disease, GFAP accumulation also takes place, together leading to a gain-of-function that has sometimes been referred to as “GFAP toxicity.” Whether the nature of GFAP toxicity in patients, who have mixtures of both mutant and normal protein, is the same as that produced by simple GFAP excess, is not yet clear. Conclusion The implications of these questions for the design of effective treatments are discussed.

scholarly journals Abnormal Reaction to Central Nervous System Injury in Mice Lacking Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Vimentin

1999 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Pekny ◽  
Clas B. Johansson ◽  
Camilla Eliasson ◽  
Josefina Stakeberg ◽  
Åsa Wallén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Glial Scar ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
The Central Nervous System

In response to injury of the central nervous system, astrocytes become reactive and express high levels of the intermediate filament (IF) proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin, and nestin. We have shown that astrocytes in mice deficient for both GFAP and vimentin (GFAP−/−vim−/−) cannot form IFs even when nestin is expressed and are thus devoid of IFs in their reactive state. Here, we have studied the reaction to injury in the central nervous system in GFAP−/−, vimentin−/−, or GFAP−/−vim−/− mice. Glial scar formation appeared normal after spinal cord or brain lesions in GFAP−/− or vimentin−/− mice, but was impaired in GFAP−/−vim−/− mice that developed less dense scars frequently accompanied by bleeding. These results show that GFAP and vimentin are required for proper glial scar formation in the injured central nervous system and that some degree of functional overlap exists between these IF proteins.

The appearance and distribution of intermediate filament proteins during differentiation of the central nervous system, skin and notochord of Xenopus laevis

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-223
Author(s):  
S. F. Godsave ◽  
B. H. Anderton ◽  
C. C. Wylie
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Neurofilament Protein ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Intermediate Filament Proteins ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Filament Protein

Antibodies against various intermediate filament proteins have been used to follow cell differentiation in the early Xenopus embryo. Three new monoclonal antibodies against Xenopus cytokeratins raised against Triton-insoluble material from tadpoles (RD35/2a, RD35/3a and D3/3a), two antibodies against mammalian cytokeratins (LE65 and LP3K), monoclonal anti-(rat 200K neurofilament protein), rabbit anti-(rat glial filament acidic protein), and rabbit antibodies to hamster and calf vimentin were used. We show that cytokeratins are present in the early central nervous system (CNS) and persist in the ependymal cells of the adult CNS. We also show that the notochord contains cytokeratin. The ontogeny of intermediate filament protein appearance in the CNS, skin and notochord between neural fold stage and swimming tadpole stage are described. These results are discussed in particular with regard to the use of the antibodies as differentiation markers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document