Tornado climatology of China

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 2478-2489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Chen ◽  
Xuhui Cai ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Ling Kang ◽  
Hongshen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tornado Climatology

Tornado Climatology and Society’s Tornado Risk

2011 ◽  
pp. 9-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Simmons ◽  
Daniel Sutter
Keyword(s):  
Tornado Climatology

scholarly journals Land Surface Heterogeneity Signature in Tornado Climatology? An Illustrative Analysis over Indiana, 1950–2012*

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Kellner ◽  
Dev Niyogi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Surface Heterogeneity ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Antecedent Rainfall ◽  
Land Surface Heterogeneity ◽  
Tornado Climatology

Abstract Land surface heterogeneity affects mesoscale interactions, including the evolution of severe convection. However, its contribution to tornadogenesis is not well known. Indiana is selected as an example to present an assessment of documented tornadoes and land surface heterogeneity to better understand the spatial distribution of tornadoes. This assessment is developed using a GIS framework taking data from 1950 to 2012 and investigates the following topics: temporal analysis, effect of ENSO, antecedent rainfall linkages, population density, land use/land cover, and topography, placing them in the context of land surface heterogeneity. Spatial analysis of tornado touchdown locations reveals several spatial relationships with regard to cities, population density, land-use classification, and topography. A total of 61% of F0–F5 tornadoes and 43% of F0–F5 tornadoes in Indiana have touched down within 1 km of urban land use and land area classified as forest, respectively, suggesting the possible role of land-use surface roughness on tornado occurrences. The correlation of tornado touchdown points to population density suggests a moderate to strong relationship. A temporal analysis of tornado days shows favored time of day, months, seasons, and active tornado years. Tornado days for 1950–2012 are compared to antecedent rainfall and ENSO phases, which both show no discernible relationship with the average number of annual tornado days. Analysis of tornado touchdowns and topography does not indicate any strong relationship between tornado touchdowns and elevation. Results suggest a possible signature of land surface heterogeneity—particularly that around urban and forested land cover—in tornado climatology.

scholarly journals Statistical Models for Tornado Climatology: Long and Short-Term Views

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e0166895 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Elsner ◽  
Thomas H. Jagger ◽  
Tyler Fricker
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Models ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tornado Climatology

An analysis of tornado warning reception and response across time: leveraging respondent's confidence and a nocturnal tornado climatology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makenzie J. Krocak ◽  
Jinan N. Allan ◽  
Joseph T. Ripberger ◽  
Carol L. Silva ◽  
Hank C. Jenkins-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Local Area ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Tornado Warnings ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Tornado Warning ◽  
Tornado Climatology

AbstractNocturnal tornadoes are challenging to forecast and even more challenging to communicate. Numerous studies have evaluated the forecasting challenges, but fewer have investigated when and where these events pose the greatest communication challenges. This study seeks to evaluate variation in confidence among US residents in receiving and responding to tornado warnings by hour-of-day. Survey experiment data comes from the Severe Weather and Society Survey, an annual survey of US adults. Results indicate that respondents are less confident about receiving warnings overnight, specifically in the early morning hours (12 AM to 4 AM local time). We then use the survey results to inform an analysis of hourly tornado climatology data. We evaluate where nocturnal tornadoes are most likely to occur during the time frame when residents are least confident in their ability to receive tornado warnings. Results show that the Southeast experiences the highest number of nocturnal tornadoes during the time period of lowest confidence, as well as the largest proportion of tornadoes in that time frame. Finally, we estimate and assess two multiple linear regression models to identify individual characteristics that may influence a respondent’s confidence in receiving a tornado between 12 AM and 4 AM. These results indicate that age, race, weather awareness, weather sources, and the proportion of nocturnal tornadoes in the local area relate to warning reception confidence. The results of this study should help inform policymakers and practitioners about the populations at greatest risk for challenges associated with nocturnal tornadoes. Discussion focuses on developing more effective communication strategies, particularly for diverse and vulnerable populations.

Variability of tornado climatology across the continental United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2993-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tory J. Farney ◽  
P. Grady Dixon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tornado Climatology

A tornado climatology for Ireland

2003 ◽  
Vol 67-68 ◽  
pp. 671-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Tornado Climatology

scholarly journals Lake Breezes in Southern Ontario and Their Relation to Tornado Climatology

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. S. King ◽  
Michael J. Leduc ◽  
David M. L. Sills ◽  
Norman R. Donaldson ◽  
David R. Hudak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Lake Breezes ◽  
Tornado Climatology

scholarly journals Tornado Climatology of Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Taszarek ◽  
Harold E. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
The South ◽  
Observational Dataset ◽  
Seasonal Peak ◽  
South Central ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Tornado Climatology

Abstract Very few studies on the occurrence of tornadoes in Poland have been performed and, therefore, their temporal and spatial variability have not been well understood. This article describes an updated climatology of tornadoes in Poland and the major problems related to the database. In this study, the results of an investigation of tornado occurrence in a 100-yr historical record (1899–1998) and a more recent 15-yr observational dataset (1999–2013) are presented. A total of 269 tornado cases derived from the European Severe Weather Database are used in the analysis. The cases are divided according to their strength on the F scale with weak tornadoes (unrated/F0/F1; 169 cases), significant tornadoes (F2/F3/F4; 66 cases), and waterspouts (34 cases). The tornado season extends from May to September (84% of all cases) with the seasonal peak for tornadoes occurring over land in July (23% of all land cases) and waterspouts in August (50% of all waterspouts). On average 8–14 tornadoes (including 2–3 waterspouts) with 2 strong tornadoes occur each year and 1 violent one occurs every 12–19 years. The maximum daily probability for weak and significant tornadoes occurs between 1500 and 1800 UTC while it occurs between 0900 and 1200 UTC for waterspouts. Tornadoes over land are most likely to occur in the south-central part of the country known as the “Polish Tornado Alley.” Cases of strong, and even violent, tornadoes that caused deaths indicate that the possibility of a large-fatality tornado in Poland cannot be ignored.

Forecaster Perceptions and Climatological Analysis of the Influence of Convective Mode on Tornado Climatology and Warning Success

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey N. Ellis ◽  
Daniel Burow ◽  
Kelly N. Gassert ◽  
Lisa Reyes Mason ◽  
Megan S. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Convective Mode ◽  
Tornado Climatology
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