Noncompartmental Determination of the Steady-State Volume of Distribution for Any Mode of Administration

1982 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Perrier ◽  
Michael Mayersohn
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Mode Of Administration

Noncompartmental Determination of the Steady‐State Volume of Distribution

1979 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1071-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Z. Benet ◽  
Renato L. Galeazzi
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Volume Of Distribution

Method for the determination of the arteriovenous muscle protein balance during non-steady-state blood and muscle amino acid concentrations

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (6) ◽  
pp. E1064-E1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos S. Katsanos ◽  
David L. Chinkes ◽  
Melinda Sheffield-Moore ◽  
Asle Aarsland ◽  
Hisamine Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Nonsteady State ◽  
Balance Technique ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Rate Of Accumulation

We describe a method based on the traditional arteriovenous balance technique in conjunction with muscle biopsies for the determination of leg muscle protein balance during the nonsteady state in blood amino acid concentrations. Six young, healthy individuals were studied in the postabsorptive state (pre-Phe) and after a bolus ingestion of ∼0.5 g phenylalanine (post-Phe). Post-Phe free phenylalanine concentrations in blood and muscle increased ( P < 0.05), but the respective concentrations of the amino acid threonine did not change. The average post-Phe leg net balance (NB) for threonine decreased from basal ( P < 0.05), but that for phenylalanine did not change. A volume of distribution for free phenylalanine in the leg was calculated based on the leg lean mass and the relative muscle water content and used to estimate the rate of accumulation of free phenylalanine in the leg. When the post-Phe NB for phenylalanine was corrected for the rate of accumulation of free phenylalanine in the leg, the post-Phe NB for phenylalanine decreased from basal ( P < 0.05). This corrected value was not different ( P > 0.05) from the value predicted for the phenylalanine NB based on the pre- and post-Phe NB responses for threonine. We conclude that the protein NB in non-steady-state blood phenylalanine concentrations can be determined from the arteriovenous phenylalanine NB by accounting for changes in free phenylalanine within its volume of distribution.

STEADY-STATE DETERMINATION OF FUEL-BOND NITROGEN IN DIESEL AND INDUSTRIAL GAS OIL

Clean Air ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-371
Author(s):  
A. Medeiros ◽  
R. Edenhofer ◽  
K. Lucka ◽  
H. Kohne
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
State Determination

Calcium Budgets for Catchments as Interpreted by Strontium Isotopes

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Jacks ◽  
Göran Åberg ◽  
P. Joseph Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Strontium Isotopes ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Weathering Rate ◽  
Weathering Rates ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium

Strontium isotopes in precipitation, soil and runoff water can be used to establish a ratio of wet plus dry deposited Sr to Sr released by weathering. This ratio is especially enhanced in areas with old acid Proterozoic rocks (0.6-2.5 Ga) and Archean rocks (&gt;2.5 Ga). Since Sr and Ca behave in an analogous way in the coniferous forest ecosystem the results for Sr can be used for the determination of Ca. If the deposition of calcium can be calculated reasonably accurately the weathering rate can also be estimated. Five catchments have been investigated using this approach. Three of them seem to be close to a steady state, wherein the losses and gains of calcium to the system are equal. In the two southern-most catchments there seems to be an ongoing loss of exchangeable calcium. The loss by runoff occurs with sulphate being the dominant anion. Weathering rates of 1.5 to 4.8 kg Ca/ha year have been estimated.

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