A nondigestible saccharide, fructooligosaccharide, increases the promotive effect of a flavonoid, α‐glucosyl‐isoquercitrin, on glucagon‐like peptide 1 (
            GLP
            ‐1) secretion in rat intestine and enteroendocrine cells

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is released from enteroendocrine cells (L cells) in response to food ingestion. The mechanism by which dietary peptides stimulate GLP-1 secretion in the gut is unknown. In the present study, we found that a hydrolysate prepared from zein, a major corn protein [zein hydrolysate (ZeinH)], strongly stimulates GLP-1 secretion in enteroendocrine GLUTag cells. Stimulatory mechanisms of GLP-1 secretion induced by ZeinH were investigated in the rat small intestine under anesthesia. Blood was collected through a portal catheter before and after ZeinH administration into different sites of the small intestine. The duodenal, jejunal, and ileal administration of ZeinH induced dose-dependent increases in portal GLP-1 concentration. GLP-1 secretion in response to the ileal administration of ZeinH was higher than that in the duodenal or jejunal administration. Capsaicin treatment on esophageal vagal trunks abolished the GLP-1 secretion induced by duodenal ZeinH but did not affect the secretion induced by jejunal or ileal ZeinH. These results suggest that ZeinH in the jejunum or ileum directly stimulates GLP-1 secretion but duodenal ZeinH indirectly stimulates GLP-1 secretion via the vagal afferent nerve. A direct blood sampling method from the duodenal vein and ileal mesenteric vein revealed that ZeinH administered into the ligated duodenal loop enhanced GLP-1 concentration in the ileal mesenteric vein but not in the duodenal vein. This confirmed that ZeinH in the duodenum induces GLP-1 secretion from L cells located in the ileum by an indirect mechanism. These results indicate that a potent GLP-1-releasing peptide, ZeinH, induces GLP-1 secretion by direct and indirect mechanisms in the rat intestine.

Download Full-text

The aglycone of ginsenoside Rg3 enables glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in enteroendocrine cells and alleviates hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic mice

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep18325 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Ki-Suk Kim ◽

Hea Jung Yang ◽

In-Seung Lee ◽

Kang-Hoon Kim ◽

Jiyoung Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enteroendocrine Cells ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Ginsenoside Rg3 ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Download Full-text

Electrical stimulation of the isolated rat intestine in the presence of nutrient stimulus enhances glucagon-like peptide-1 release

Physiological Measurement ◽

10.1088/0967-3334/31/9/006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 1147-1159 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ann Schwartz ◽

Tatiana Ort ◽

Radhika Kajekar ◽

Paul R Wade ◽

Pamela J Hornby

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Rat Intestine ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽

Isolated Rat ◽

Stimulation Of

Download Full-text

Glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY are in separate storage organelles in enteroendocrine cells

Cell and Tissue Research ◽

10.1007/s00441-014-1886-9 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 357 (1) ◽

pp. 63-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Hyun-Jung Cho ◽

Eliza S. Robinson ◽

Leni R. Rivera ◽

Paul J. McMillan ◽

Adam Testro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peptide Yy ◽

Enteroendocrine Cells ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Download Full-text

Effect of ezetimibe on incretin secretion in response to the intestinal absorption of a mixed meal

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00294.2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 299 (5) ◽

pp. G1003-G1011 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Li Yang ◽

Xiaoming Li ◽

Yong Ji ◽

Alison B. Kohan ◽

David Q.-H. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Absorption ◽

Potent Inhibitor ◽

Cholesterol Absorption ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Enteroendocrine Cells ◽

Mixed Meal ◽

Triglyceride Secretion ◽

Incretin Secretion ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Ezetimibe is a potent inhibitor of cholesterol absorption by enterocytes. Although ezetimibe minimally affects the absorption of triglyceride, it is unknown whether ezetimibe affects the secretion of the incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). It has been shown that ezetimibe-treated mice are protected from diet-induced insulin resistance. Since GIP and GLP-1 promote the actions of insulin, we hypothesized that ezetimibe may affect the secretion of GIP and GLP-1 by enteroendocrine cells into lymph in response to the intestinal absorption of a mixed meal (Ensure). To test this hypothesis, we used the lymph fistula rat model to determine GIP and GLP-1 concentrations in lymph during the 2 h after the infusion of Ensure. Ezetimibe significantly reduced lymphatic cholesterol output during fasting, without coincident decreases in glucose, protein, and triglyceride outputs. However, ezetimibe did not influence cholesterol output after infusion of Ensure. Interestingly, ezetimibe significantly reduced the secretion of both GIP and GLP-1 into lymph after the infusion of Ensure. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of ezetimibe on GIP and GLP-1 secretion by enteroendocrine cells occurs outside of the effects of glucose, protein, or triglyceride secretion by the intestine.

Download Full-text