scholarly journals Peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and neurotensin (NTS) are up-regulated by intermittent hypoxia in enteroendocrine cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
R. Shobatake ◽  
H. Ota ◽  
A. Itaya-Hironaka ◽  
A. Yamauchi ◽  
M. Makino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Enteroendocrine Cells ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

scholarly journals Intermittent Hypoxia Up-Regulates Gene Expressions of Peptide YY (PYY), Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1), and Neurotensin (NTS) in Enteroendocrine Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryogo Shobatake ◽  
Asako Itaya-Hironaka ◽  
Akiyo Yamauchi ◽  
Mai Makino ◽  
Sumiyo Sakuramoto-Tsuchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Trichostatin A ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Enteroendocrine Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

The patients with sleep apnea syndrome are exposed to intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep. We previously demonstrated the IH-induced up-regulation of the mRNA levels of anorexigenic peptides proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in human neuronal cells. Appetite is regulated not only by the central nervous system but also by the peptides from gastrointestinal tract. Here, we investigated the effects of IH on the gene expression(s) of appetite-inhibiting gut hormones. Human enteroendocrine Caco-2 and mouse STC-1 cells were exposed to IH [64 cycles of 5 min hypoxia (1% O2) and 10 min normoxia (21% O2)] or normoxia for 24 h. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that IH significantly increased the mRNA levels of peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and neurotensin (NTS) in Caco-2 and STC-1 cells. ELISA showed that the concentrations of PYY, GLP-1, and NTS in the culture medium were significantly increased by IH. The mRNA levels of PYY, GLP-1, and NTS were significantly up-regulated even in normoxia by Trichostatin A (TSA) and were significantly decreased even in IH by 5-azacytidine (5AZC), suggesting that IH increases PYY, GLP-1, and NTS mRNAs via alterations in the chromatin structure in enteroendocrine cells. IH might have an anorexigenic influence on the enteric nervous system.

scholarly journals Glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY are in separate storage organelles in enteroendocrine cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 357 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jung Cho ◽  
Eliza S. Robinson ◽  
Leni R. Rivera ◽  
Paul J. McMillan ◽  
Adam Testro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Enteroendocrine Cells ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

scholarly journals Bile acids drive colonic secretion of glucagon-like-peptide 1 and peptide-YY in rodents

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (5) ◽  
pp. G574-G584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bayer Christiansen ◽  
Samuel Addison Jack Trammell ◽  
Nicolai Jacob Wewer Albrechtsen ◽  
Kristina Schoonjans ◽  
Reidar Albrechtsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
L Cells ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
G Protein Coupled

A large number of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1)- and peptide-YY (PYY)-producing L cells are located in the colon, but little is known about their contribution to whole body metabolism. Since bile acids (BAs) increase GLP-1 and PYY release, and since BAs spill over from the ileum to the colon, we decided to investigate the ability of BAs to stimulate colonic GLP-1 and PYY secretion. Using isolated perfused rat/mouse colon as well as stimulation of the rat colon in vivo, we demonstrate that BAs significantly enhance secretion of GLP-1 and PYY from the colon with average increases of 3.5- and 2.9-fold, respectively. Furthermore, we find that responses depend on BA absorption followed by basolateral activation of the BA-receptor Takeda-G protein-coupled-receptor 5. Surprisingly, the apical sodium-dependent BA transporter, which serves to absorb conjugated BAs, was not required for colonic conjugated BA absorption or conjugated BA-induced peptide secretion. In conclusion, we demonstrate that BAs represent a major physiological stimulus for colonic L-cell secretion.NEW & NOTEWORTHY By the use of isolated perfused rodent colon preparations we show that bile acids are potent and direct promoters of colonic glucagon-like-peptide 1 and peptide-YY secretion. The study provides convincing evidence that basolateral Takeda-G protein-coupled-receptor 5 activation is mediating the effects of bile acids in the colon and thus add to the existing literature described for L cells in the ileum.

scholarly journals Ileal short-chain fatty acids inhibit gastric motility by a humoral pathway

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (5) ◽  
pp. G925-G930 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cuche ◽  
J. C. Cuber ◽  
C. H. Malbert
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Maximal Amplitude ◽  
Inhibiting Factor ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nervous and humoral pathways involved in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-induced ileal brake in conscious pigs. The role of extrinsic ileal innervation was evaluated after SCFA infusion in innervated and denervated Babkin's ileal loops, and gastric motility was measured with strain gauges. Peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations were evaluated in both situations. The possible involvement of absorbed SCFA was tested by using intravenous infusion of acetate. Ileal SCFA infusion in the intact terminal ileum decreased the amplitude of distal and terminal antral contractions (33 ± 1.2 vs. 49 ± 1.2% of the maximal amplitude recorded before infusion) and increased their frequency (1.5 ± 0.11 vs. 1.3 ± 0.10/min). Similar effects were observed during SCFA infusion in ileal innervated and denervated loops (amplitude, 35 ± 1.0 and 34 ± 0.8 vs. 47 ± 1.3 and 43 ± 1.2%; frequency, 1.4 ± 0.07 and 1.6 ± 0.06 vs. 1.1 ± 0.14 and 1.0 ± 0.12/min). Intravenous acetate did not modify the amplitude and frequency of antral contractions. PYY but not GLP-1 concentrations were increased during SCFA infusion in innervated and denervated loops. In conclusion, ileal SCFA inhibit distal gastric motility by a humoral pathway involving the release of an inhibiting factor, which is likely PYY.

Differences in the Postprandial Release of Appetite-Related Hormones Between Active and Inactive Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-610
Author(s):  
Linn Bøhler ◽  
Sílvia Ribeiro Coutinho ◽  
Jens F. Rehfeld ◽  
Linda Morgan ◽  
Catia Martins
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Random Order ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Active, as opposed to inactive, individuals are able to adjust their energy intake after preloads of different energy contents. The mechanisms responsible for this remain unknown. This study examined differences in plasma concentration of appetite-related hormones in response to breakfasts of different energy contents, between active and inactive men. Sixteen healthy nonobese (body mass index = 18.5–27 kg/m2) adult males (nine active and seven inactive) participated in this study. Participants were given a high-energy (570 kcal) or a low-energy (205 kcal) breakfast in a random order. Subjective feelings of appetite and plasma concentrations of active ghrelin, active glucagon-like peptide-1, total peptide YY (PYY), cholecystokinin, and insulin were measured in fasting and every 30 min up to 2.5 hr, in response to both breakfasts. Mixed analysis of variance (fat mass [in percentage] as a covariate) revealed a higher concentration of active ghrelin and lower concentration of glucagon-like peptide-1, and cholecystokinin after the low-energy breakfast (p < .001 for all). Postprandial concentration of PYY was greater after the high energy compared with the low energy, but for inactive participants only (p = .014). Active participants had lower postprandial concentrations of insulin than inactive participants (p < .001). Differences in postprandial insulin between breakfasts were significantly lower in active compared with inactive participants (p < .001). Physical activity seems to modulate the postprandial plasma concentration of insulin and PYY after the intake of breakfasts of different energy contents, and that may contribute, at least partially, to the differences in short-term appetite control between active and inactive individuals.

scholarly journals Constitutional thinness and lean anorexia nervosa display opposite concentrations of peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide 1, ghrelin, and leptin

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natacha Germain ◽  
Bogdan Galusca ◽  
Carel W Le Roux ◽  
Cecile Bossu ◽  
Mohammad A Ghatei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1 contribute to decreased food intake after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1699-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Svane ◽  
N B Jørgensen ◽  
K N Bojsen-Møller ◽  
C Dirksen ◽  
S Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Effects of rectal administration of taurocholic acid on glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY secretion in healthy humans

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wu ◽  
M. J. Bound ◽  
S. D. Standfield ◽  
B. Gedulin ◽  
K. L. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Rectal Administration ◽  
Taurocholic Acid ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Inhibition of gastric emptying by acarbose is correlated with GLP-1 response and accompanied by CCK release

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (3) ◽  
pp. G752-G763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feruze Y. Enç ◽  
Neşe I˙meryüz ◽  
Levent Akin ◽  
Turgut Turoğlu ◽  
Fuat Dede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Gut Hormones ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Mixed Meal ◽  
Carbohydrate Absorption ◽  
Plasma Response ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

We investigated the effect of acarbose, an α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylase inhibitor, on gastric emptying of solid meals of varying nutrient composition and plasma responses of gut hormones. Gastric emptying was determined with scintigraphy in healthy subjects, and all studies were performed with and without 100 mg of acarbose, in random order, at least 1 wk apart. Acarbose did not alter the emptying of a carbohydrate-free meal, but it delayed emptying of a mixed meal and a carbohydrate-free meal given 2 h after sucrose ingestion. In meal groups with carbohydrates, acarbose attenuated responses of plasma insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) while augmenting responses of CCK, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY (PYY). With mixed meal + acarbose, area under the curve (AUC) of gastric emptying was positively correlated with integrated plasma response of GLP-1 ( r = 0.68 , P < 0.02). With the carbohydrate-free meal after sucrose and acarbose ingestion, AUC of gastric emptying was negatively correlated with integrated plasma response of GIP, implying that prior alteration of carbohydrate absorption modifies gastric emptying of a meal. The results demonstrate that acarbose delays gastric emptying of solid meals and augments release of CCK, GLP-1, and PYY mainly by retarding/inhibiting carbohydrate absorption. Augmented GLP-1 release by acarbose appears to play a major role in the inhibition of gastric emptying of a mixed meal, whereas CCK and PYY may have contributory roles.

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