Improvement of the extinction ratio of a Mach Zehnder interferometer filter

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-422
Author(s):  
Yonglin Huang ◽  
Xingfa Dong ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xiaoyi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

Implementation of Orthogonal Codes Using MZI

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Supriti Samanta ◽  
Goutam K. Maity ◽  
Subhadipta Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Hadamard Matrix ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Nonlinear Phase ◽  
Orthogonal Codes ◽  
Hadamard Codes ◽  
Code Division Multiple ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

Background: In Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)/Multi-Carrier CDMA (MCCDMA), Walsh-Hadamard codes are widely used for its orthogonal characteristics, and hence, it leads to good contextual connection property. These orthogonal codes are important because of their various significant applications. Objective: To use the Mach–Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) for all-optical Walsh-Hadamard codes is implemented in this present paper. Method: The Mach–Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) is considered for the Tree architecture of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA). The second-ordered Hadamard and the inverse Hadamard matrix are constructed using SOA-MZIs. Higher-order Hadamard matrix (H4) formed by the process of Kronecker product with lower-order Hadamard matrix (H2) is also analyzed and constructed. Results: To experimentally get the result from these schemes, some design issues e,g Time delay, nonlinear phase modulation, extinction ratio, and synchronization of signals are the important issues. Lasers of wavelength 1552 nm and 1534 nm can be used as input and control signals, respectively. As the whole system is digital, intensity losses due to couplers in the interconnecting stage may not create many problems in producing the desired optical bits at the output. The simulation results were obtained by Matlab-9. Here, Hadamard H2 (2×2) matrix output beam intensity (I ≈ 108 w.m-2) for different values of inputs. Conclusion: Implementation of Walsh-Hadamard codes using MZI is explored in this paper, and experimental results show the better performance of the proposed scheme compared to recently reported methods using electronic circuits regarding the issues of versatility, reconfigurability, and compactness. The design can be used and extended for diverse applications for which Walsh-Hadamard codes are required.

scholarly journals Up-down Taper Based In-Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for Liquid Refractive Index Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Han ◽  
Chunyu Liu ◽  
Shengxu Jiang ◽  
Shuo Leng ◽  
Jiuru Yang
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Refractive Index Sensing ◽  
Polarization Maintaining Fiber ◽  
Polarization Maintaining ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

A novel in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on cascaded up-down-taper (UDT) structure is proposed by sandwiching a piece of polarization maintaining fiber between two single-mode fibers (SMF) and by utilizing over-fusion splicing method. The dual up tapers respectively act as fiber splitter/combiner, the down taper acts as an optical attenuator. The structure parameters are analyzed and optimized. A larger interference fringe extinction ratio ~15 dB is obtained to achieve refractive index (RI) sensing based on intensity demodulation. The experimental results show that the RI sensitivity is −310.40 dB/RIU with the linearity is improved to 0.99 in the range of 1.3164–1.3444. The corresponding resolution can reach 3.22 × 10−5 RIU, which is 6.8 times higher than wavelength demodulation. The cross sensitivity which caused by temperature fluctuation is less than 1.4 × 10−4.

Phase-bias tuning and extinction ratio improvement of Mach-Zehnder interferometer

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Baranov ◽  
Evgeny M. Zolotov ◽  
V. M. Pelekhaty ◽  
Robert F. Tavlykaev
Keyword(s):  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Phase Bias ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

scholarly journals Ultralow-power all-optical switching via a chiral Mach-Zehnder interferometer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaping Ruan ◽  
Haodong Wu ◽  
Shi-Jun Ge ◽  
Lei Tang ◽  
Zhixiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Optical Information ◽  
Optical Information Processing ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Ultralow Power ◽  
All Optical Switching ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

Abstract All-optical switching increasingly plays an important role in optical information processing. However, simultaneous achievement of ultralow power consumption, broad bandwidth and high extinction ratio remains challenging. We experimentally demonstrate an ultralow-power all-optical switching by exploiting chiral interaction between light and optically active material in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). We achieve switching extinction ratio of 20.0(3.8) and 14.7(2.8) dB with power cost of 66.1(0.7) and 1.3(0.1) fJ/bit, respectively. The bandwidth of our all-optical switching is about 4.2 GHz. Our theoretical analysis shows that the switching bandwidth can, in principle, exceed 110 GHz. Moreover, the switching has the potential to be operated at few-photon level. Our all-optical switching exploits a chiral MZI made of linear optical components. It excludes the requisite of high-quality optical cavity or large optical nonlinearity, thus greatly simplifying realization. Our scheme paves the way towards ultralow-power and ultrafast all-optical information processing.

scholarly journals Dual Demodulation of Temperature and Refractive Index Using Ring Core Fiber Based Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Weihao Yuan ◽  
Changyuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Wavelength Shift ◽  
Core Fiber ◽  
Ring Core ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

We report the ring core fiber spliced with single mode fiber and no core fiber which is used for temperature and refractive index (RI) sensing. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is formed with this kind of sandwich fiber structure and the maximum extinction ratio of the interference spectra reaches 27 dB with the free spectra range of 12 nm. The MZI fiber sensor is applied for temperature sensing with the sensitivity of 69 pm/°C and 0.051 dB/°C. The RI sensitivity reaches 182.07 dB/RIU and −31.44 nm/RIU with the RI ranging from 1.33 to 1.38. The RI value can be directly demodulated with the interference dip intensity which shows insensitivity to temperature. The demodulation of temperature can be achieved by using the linear equations between dip wavelength shift with the variation of temperature and RI.

Mach–Zehnder interferometer switch with a high extinction ratio over a wide wavelength range

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Mizuno ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Tsutomu Kitoh ◽  
Manabu Oguma ◽  
Toshimi Kominato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
High Extinction Ratio ◽  
Wide Wavelength Range ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

High extinction ratio Mach–Zehnder interferometer filter and implementation of single-channel optical switch

2003 ◽  
Vol 222 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Yonglin ◽  
Li Jie ◽  
Ma Xiurong ◽  
Kai Guiyun ◽  
Yuan Shuzhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
High Extinction Ratio ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

scholarly journals Nanoscale Silicon Waveguide Based Thermo-Optic Sensor Using a Compact Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad Rizal ◽  
Boris Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Free Spectral Range ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Zehnder Interferometer ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Device Size ◽  
Mach Zehnder Interferometer

A compact Mach-zehnder interferometer with a novel design of directional couplers and a phase shifter has been presented as a thermo-optical sensor. With the aim of reducing device size to micro and nano dimension silicon-on-insulator technology was employed. That allowed miniaturization of device size through the reduction of its cross sectional area to 0.066 µm2 and the radius of curvature of both the arms of the directional coupler and S-bends of the phase shifter to 5 µm and C-bends to 3 µm. These nano size device dimensions made it possible to reduce the coupling gap to 0.2 µm, which resulted in a significant reduction in the coupling length. The device geometry and its performance characteristics were analyzed and optimized using coupled mode analysis and finite difference time domain simulation tools, respectively. The wavelength dependent transmission loss of the device was measured at different temperature to verify and validate its performance characteristics. Tested devices showed a remarkable temperature dependent transmission characteristic offering significant changes in transmission loss band – with as low as 0.45 0C change in substrate temperature. The extinction ratio and the free spectral range of the device were 26 dB and 0.26 nm respectively in the wavelength range of 1549.5 nm – 1550.5 nm. These results imply that the devices presented here can be used as compact and highly sensitive thermal sensors and optical switches.

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