The fat of the adrenal cortex in fasting guinea-pigs and rabbits

1942 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs

Respiratory Metabolism During Pregnancy in the Guinea Pig

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Hoar ◽  
William C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Respiratory Metabolism ◽  
Morphological Differences

Oxygen consumption and heart rate during pregnancy were measured in untreated, thyroxin-injected and thyroidectomized guinea pigs given I131. From impregnation until parturition, oxygen consumption increased 7.9% in untreated females. The increase continued until 5 days postpartum when a sharp decrease occurred. The increase is not accounted for by growth of the fetal mass. Comparable increases occurred in thyroxin-injected (16.2%) and thyroidectomized (11.9%) females, although the levels throughout were higher and lower, respectively, than in intact females. Heart rate did not increase. On the contrary, statistically significant decreases occurred in the untreated and thyroxin-injected females. Although the mechanism associated with the increased metabolic rate is not known, the possibility of thyroid participation would seem to be excluded. Involvement of the adrenal cortex is suggested by morphological differences in the cells of the zona fasciculata in pregnant and nonpregnant females and by evidence cited from other studies.

Oehme. The action of adrenaline on the function of the thyroid gland (K. Woch., 11 / IV, 1936)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-933
Author(s):  
V. Dembskaya
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Basal Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Forms

The author draws attention to the fact that the extract of the adrenal cortex is inherent in the ability to moderate the activity of the thyroid gland and neutralize the action of thyroxine. By administering adrenaline to guinea pigs with artificially maintained hyperthyroidism, he sought to reduce its manifestations. An increase in basal metabolism from the administration of thyroxine does not occur if the adrenal cortex extract is simultaneously administered. The author also noticed that C-vitamin acid can produce a similar effect. Studying the antithyroid substance of the adrenal cortex, the author noted that it is destroyed after 2-3 hours when oxygen is passed over it at a pH of 93 and a temperature of 38 C. The author believes that the extract of the adrenal cortex can provide valuable services in the fight against clinical forms of hyperthyroidism.

ÜBER DEN EINFLUSS VON OESTRADIOL AUF DIE RESTITUTIONSPHASE DER NEBENNIERENRINDE NACH LANGFRISTIGER CORTISONVORBEHANDLUNG

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herrmann ◽  
G. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Tissue Lesion ◽  
Haemorrhagic Necrosis

ABSTRACT Male guinea pigs were simultaneously treated with cortisone and oestradiol-dipropionate. Observations were made on the nuclear volumes of the cells of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex, the urinary 17-hydroxycorticoids and the haemorrhagic necrosis after intoxication with diphtheria-toxin. The comparatively long restitution phase of the adrenals following the long-term pretreatment with cortisone only may be considerably reduced by application of oestradioldipropionate, which is shown by the following results: the nuclear volumes of fasciculata cells of the adrenal cortex stay normal or show higher values after termination of the pretreatment. Haemorrhagic necrosis in the adrenal cortex after intoxication with diphtheria-toxin is observed on the 2nd day after long-term pretreatment with cortisone and oestradioldipropionate. In animals treated with cortisone only this tissue lesion is observed at first on the 8th day after termination of the pretreatment. The excretion of 17-hydroxycorticoids does not correspond with this accelerated reaction of the adrenal cortex.

THE EFFECT OF OESTRONE ON THE MAMMARY GLAND OF ADRENALECTOMIZED GUINEA-PIGS

1957 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. HÖHN
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Survival Period ◽  
Alveolar Development ◽  
Average Survival

SUMMARY In the guinea-pig progesterone is not required for alveolar development of the mammary gland. In order to test the hypothesis that this can be accounted for by endogenous progesterone produced by the adrenal cortex in this species, the growth response of the mammary gland to oestrone of adrenalectomized castrated male guinea-pigs has been studied. Oestrone applied to the nipples as an alcoholic solution in doses of 15 μg/day for 14 days resulted in the formation of clusters of mammary alveoli in animals subjected merely to castration. In eleven castrated and adrenalectomized animals which survived oestrone treatment for periods of 11–28 days only duct proliferation with occasional formation of isolated alveoli was observed. Nipple growth in response to oestrone, as indicated by changes in nipple length, was much the same in both groups. Administration of oestrone to adrenalectomized animals was found to be toxic. The average survival of oestrone-treated, adrenalectomized castrated animals was only 4 days, compared with an average survival period of 16·6 days in similar animals not treated with oestrone.

Autostimulation of prolactin receptors in adrenal cortex of guinea pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-478
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Sautin ◽  
A. S. Mikosha
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Prolactin Receptors

Effects of prolactin on DNA synthesis, cholesterol stores, and steroidogenesis in the adrenal cortex of dexamethasone-treated guinea pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Sautin ◽  
E. I. Kovzun ◽  
N. D. Tron’ko ◽  
A. S. Mikosha
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs

INFLUENCE OF A HIGHLY PURIFIED THYMUS EXTRACT UPON THE ADRENALS OF GUINEA-PIGS

1955 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. COMSA ◽  
H. LEROUX
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Transient Increase ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Thymus Extract

SUMMARY 1. An attempt has been made to demonstrate the influence of the thymus upon the adrenal in guinea-pigs by daily injection of unphysiological amounts of a highly purified thymus extract. 2. Such injections caused a marked but transient increase in both the vitamin C and cholesterol content of the adrenal. 3. Morphologically, there was a decrease in the weight of the adrenal cortex relative to that of the whole gland, while the relative weight of the medulla increased correspondingly. This change was not transient, but persisted up to 110 days of treatment. 4. It is concluded that the effect of injecting thymus extract is opposite to that of injecting ACTH and gives rise to a resting condition of the adrenal cortex.

VIII.—Action of Sex Hormones on the Adrenal Cortex of the Golden Hamster

1944 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Peczenik
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Intimate Relation ◽  
Opposite View

According to Grollman (1936), there is no evidence for an intimate relation between the gonads and the adrenal proper, i.e. the cortex apart from the “fœtal zone” (Grollman, 1942). Recent papers, however (Bourne and Zuckerman, 1940 a, 1940 b; Schilling and Laqueur, 1941; Selye and Albert, 1942; Selye, Rowley, and Hall, 1943; Sarason, 1943, and others), confirm the opposite view (Kolmer, 1912; Korenchevsky, Dennison, and Simpson, 1935). The results, especially those concerning the action of gonadal substances on the adrenal cortex, vary as between different authors and according to the species of experimental animal used. Grollman (1936), for example, states that the cortex is not influenced by œstrogen. Allen and Bern (1942), however, and Golla and Reiss (1942) report a change in the cortex associated with an increase of adrenal weight. The former authors found an increase in lipoid-containing vacuoles in guinea-pigs treated with stilbœstrol; the latter, on the other hand, observed a lipoid decrease in rats treated with œstrone. Comparison of these results with others which they obtained with hypophysectomized rats even led Golla and Reiss to postulate the existence of two corticotrophic principles in the hypophysis: one controlling the distribution of lipoid in the cortex and the other the adrenal weight.

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