Fatty changes in the adrenal cortex of guinea-pigs after unilateral adrenalectomy

1937 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Simmons ◽  
Raymond Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy

Respiratory Metabolism During Pregnancy in the Guinea Pig

1957 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Hoar ◽  
William C. Young
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Respiratory Metabolism ◽  
Morphological Differences

Oxygen consumption and heart rate during pregnancy were measured in untreated, thyroxin-injected and thyroidectomized guinea pigs given I131. From impregnation until parturition, oxygen consumption increased 7.9% in untreated females. The increase continued until 5 days postpartum when a sharp decrease occurred. The increase is not accounted for by growth of the fetal mass. Comparable increases occurred in thyroxin-injected (16.2%) and thyroidectomized (11.9%) females, although the levels throughout were higher and lower, respectively, than in intact females. Heart rate did not increase. On the contrary, statistically significant decreases occurred in the untreated and thyroxin-injected females. Although the mechanism associated with the increased metabolic rate is not known, the possibility of thyroid participation would seem to be excluded. Involvement of the adrenal cortex is suggested by morphological differences in the cells of the zona fasciculata in pregnant and nonpregnant females and by evidence cited from other studies.

Oehme. The action of adrenaline on the function of the thyroid gland (K. Woch., 11 / IV, 1936)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-933
Author(s):  
V. Dembskaya
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Basal Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Forms

The author draws attention to the fact that the extract of the adrenal cortex is inherent in the ability to moderate the activity of the thyroid gland and neutralize the action of thyroxine. By administering adrenaline to guinea pigs with artificially maintained hyperthyroidism, he sought to reduce its manifestations. An increase in basal metabolism from the administration of thyroxine does not occur if the adrenal cortex extract is simultaneously administered. The author also noticed that C-vitamin acid can produce a similar effect. Studying the antithyroid substance of the adrenal cortex, the author noted that it is destroyed after 2-3 hours when oxygen is passed over it at a pH of 93 and a temperature of 38 C. The author believes that the extract of the adrenal cortex can provide valuable services in the fight against clinical forms of hyperthyroidism.

ÜBER DEN EINFLUSS VON OESTRADIOL AUF DIE RESTITUTIONSPHASE DER NEBENNIERENRINDE NACH LANGFRISTIGER CORTISONVORBEHANDLUNG

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herrmann ◽  
G. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Tissue Lesion ◽  
Haemorrhagic Necrosis

ABSTRACT Male guinea pigs were simultaneously treated with cortisone and oestradiol-dipropionate. Observations were made on the nuclear volumes of the cells of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex, the urinary 17-hydroxycorticoids and the haemorrhagic necrosis after intoxication with diphtheria-toxin. The comparatively long restitution phase of the adrenals following the long-term pretreatment with cortisone only may be considerably reduced by application of oestradioldipropionate, which is shown by the following results: the nuclear volumes of fasciculata cells of the adrenal cortex stay normal or show higher values after termination of the pretreatment. Haemorrhagic necrosis in the adrenal cortex after intoxication with diphtheria-toxin is observed on the 2nd day after long-term pretreatment with cortisone and oestradioldipropionate. In animals treated with cortisone only this tissue lesion is observed at first on the 8th day after termination of the pretreatment. The excretion of 17-hydroxycorticoids does not correspond with this accelerated reaction of the adrenal cortex.

Relationship between Adrenal Cortex Pathology in Cushing's Syndrome and its Response to the Dexamethasone Suppression Test

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-283
Author(s):  
G Akçay ◽  
Y Orhan ◽  
F Aral ◽  
N Özbey ◽  
A Azezli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Unilateral Adrenalectomy ◽  
High Dose Dexamethasone ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

Cushing's syndrome is a severely disabling condition which can cause death if left untreated. Endogenous Cushing's syndrome can be ACTH-dependent or ACTH-independent. The ACTH-dependent type is more common and is usually caused by diffuse hyperplasia on the adrenal cortex. This study investigated the response to low- and high-dose dexamethasone suppression testing of 30 adrenalectomized patients with Cushing's syndrome, average age 37.3 ± 9.7 years. Twenty-four (79.3%) patients were female, and six (20.7%) were male. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed in 14 (48.2%) patients and unilateral adrenalectomy (nine and seven right adrenalectomy) in 16 (51.8%). Two of the bilateral adrenalectomies were applied via endoscopic surgical approach. In the histopathological evaluation, diffuse hyperplasia was diagnosed in 13 (44.8%) patients and nodular hyperplasia in eight (26.6%), three macronodular and five micronodular hyperplasia. Adrenal cell adenoma was diagnosed in nine (28.6%) patients. Classic dexamethasone suppression testing was performed on all patients. Plasma levels of cortisol were not significantly decreased after low-dose testing, but plasma levels of cortisol were significantly decreased after high-dose testing in the diffuse hyperplasia group. In summary, due to the pathological changes of the adrenal cortex, dexamethasone suppression testing can differentiate between the two types of Cushing's syndrome.

THE EFFECT OF OESTRONE ON THE MAMMARY GLAND OF ADRENALECTOMIZED GUINEA-PIGS

1957 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. HÖHN
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Survival Period ◽  
Alveolar Development ◽  
Average Survival

SUMMARY In the guinea-pig progesterone is not required for alveolar development of the mammary gland. In order to test the hypothesis that this can be accounted for by endogenous progesterone produced by the adrenal cortex in this species, the growth response of the mammary gland to oestrone of adrenalectomized castrated male guinea-pigs has been studied. Oestrone applied to the nipples as an alcoholic solution in doses of 15 μg/day for 14 days resulted in the formation of clusters of mammary alveoli in animals subjected merely to castration. In eleven castrated and adrenalectomized animals which survived oestrone treatment for periods of 11–28 days only duct proliferation with occasional formation of isolated alveoli was observed. Nipple growth in response to oestrone, as indicated by changes in nipple length, was much the same in both groups. Administration of oestrone to adrenalectomized animals was found to be toxic. The average survival of oestrone-treated, adrenalectomized castrated animals was only 4 days, compared with an average survival period of 16·6 days in similar animals not treated with oestrone.

Autostimulation of prolactin receptors in adrenal cortex of guinea pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-478
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Sautin ◽  
A. S. Mikosha
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Prolactin Receptors
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