Blast charts for explosive evaporation of superheated liquids

ABSTRACTThe method of pulsed excimer laser ablation using KrF radiation was applied for the deposition of thin metallic elementary multilayers. Above an ablation threshold of about 5 J/cm2 an ‘explosive’ evaporation of the metallic targets occurs leading to high deposition rates of up to 5 nm/s. For different metals, the ablation threshold slightly varies leading at the same laser fluence to different growth rates as shown for Ag, Fe, Zr and Nb. By using two elementary targets and adjusting the dwelling times on both targets, Fe/Ag, Fe/Zr and Fe/Nb multilayers of different bilayer thicknesses were deposited. While Fe/Ag superstructures show crystalline phases down to a periodicity of 1 nm, Fe/Zr and Fe/Nb films are amorphous at such wavelengths. On the other side, Fe/Nb multilayers can also be amorphized by a solid state interdiffusion reaction of the elementary multilayers. The surfaces of the grown films are smooth except for a small number of droplets on the film surface.

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Experimental determination of superheated liquids boiling-up expectancy time probabilities distribution

Thermophysics and Aeromechanics ◽

10.1134/s086986430904012x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 627-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. V. Lipnyagov ◽

S. A. Perminov ◽

G. V. Ermakov ◽

B. M. Smolyak

Keyword(s):

Experimental Determination ◽

Superheated Liquids

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Criterion of homogeneous boiling-up of superheated liquids

Thermophysics and Aeromechanics ◽

10.1007/s11510-008-0011-5 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 623-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. V. Ermakov ◽

E. V. Lipnyagov

Keyword(s):

Superheated Liquids

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Interfacial tension between water and superheated liquids

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.2019114 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 70 (S1) ◽

pp. S90-S90

Author(s):

Chaur‐Jian Hsu ◽

Robert E. Apfel

Keyword(s):

Interfacial Tension ◽

Superheated Liquids

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Laser Printing of Plasmonic Nanosponges

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10122427 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2427

Author(s):

Sergey Syubaev ◽

Stanislav Gurbatov ◽

Evgeny Modin ◽

Denver P. Linklater ◽

Saulius Juodkazis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Noble Metals ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Nanosecond Laser ◽

Toxic Compounds ◽

Nanosecond Laser Ablation ◽

Nucleation Sites ◽

Explosive Evaporation ◽

Discharge Gas

Three-dimensional porous nanostructures made of noble metals represent novel class of nanomaterials promising for nonlinear nanooptics and sensors. Such nanostructures are typically fabricated using either reproducible yet time-consuming and costly multi-step lithography protocols or less reproducible chemical synthesis that involve liquid processing with toxic compounds. Here, we combined scalable nanosecond-laser ablation with advanced engineering of the chemical composition of thin substrate-supported Au films to produce nanobumps containing multiple nanopores inside. Most of the nanopores hidden beneath the nanobump surface can be further uncapped using gentle etching of the nanobumps by an Ar-ion beam to form functional 3D plasmonic nanosponges. The nanopores 10–150 nm in diameter were found to appear via laser-induced explosive evaporation/boiling and coalescence of the randomly arranged nucleation sites formed by nitrogen-rich areas of the Au films. Density of the nanopores can be controlled by the amount of the nitrogen in the Au films regulated in the process of their magnetron sputtering assisted with nitrogen-containing discharge gas.

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Boiling of superheated liquids near the spinodal: I General theory

Heat and Mass Transfer ◽

10.1007/s002310050294 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

S. aus der Wiesche ◽

C. Rembe ◽

E. P. Hofer

Keyword(s):

General Theory ◽

Superheated Liquids

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Structural study of light-emitting nanocomposites based on ZnS:Cu deposited by explosive evaporation method on porous anodic Al2O3 matrices

Journal of Structural Chemistry ◽

10.1134/s0022476616070167 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 1417-1421

Author(s):

A. N. Beltyukov ◽

A. I. Chukavin ◽

R. G. Valeev ◽

A. L. Trigub ◽

I. A. El’kin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Study ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Evaporation Method ◽

Explosive Evaporation

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Neutron-Induced Vaporization of Superheated Liquids: Theory and Experiment

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-57-57 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert E. Apfel

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Critical Radius ◽

Bubble Chamber ◽

Bubble Formation ◽

Test System ◽

X Rays ◽

Sufficient Energy ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Superheated Liquids ◽

Theory And Experiment

AbstractMy interest in neutron-induced nucleation began with a simple and elegant demonstration in one of David Turnbull's classes in which a drop of water was superheated to about 250°C as it rose in a column of heated oil. As David Glaser, the inventor of the bubble chamber, so ably demonstrated, such superheated liquids are radiation sensitive. Our test system is a simple one. Halocarbon and hydrQcarbon drops are introduced into an aqueous holding gel under pressure at room temperature. As the pressure is released, the drops become superheated. Neutrons of sufficient energy will trigger vaporization of these moderately superheated drop detectors (SSDs), but gammas and x-rays will not unless the homogeneous nucleation limit is approached. We have performed measurements on the neutron energy threshold to produce nucleation in a number of different superheated materials at different temperatures. We have also developed a theory which indicates that of the energy deposited in a critical radius, only about 5% is effective in producing bubble formation. Both theory and experiment are discussed.

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