Resistance risk assessment for Fusarium graminearum to pydiflumetofen, a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1549-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai‐Yan Sun ◽  
Jia‐he Cui ◽  
Bao‐hua Tian ◽  
Shu‐lin Cao ◽  
Xiang‐xiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor

Resistance risk assessment for a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor pydiflumetofen in Fusarium asiaticum

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 538-547
Author(s):  
Wenchan Chen ◽  
Lingling Wei ◽  
Weicheng Zhao ◽  
Bingran Wang ◽  
Huanhuan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Fusarium Asiaticum ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor

Activity of A Novel Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Fungicide Pydiflumetofen against Fusarium fujikuroi causing Rice Bakanae Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Chun-Yan Gu ◽  
Rui Pan ◽  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Hao-Yu Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor

New fungicides are tools to manage fungal diseases and overcome emerging resistance in fugnal pathogens. In this study, a total of 121 isolates of Fusarium fujikuroi, the causal agent of rice bakanae disease (RBD), were collected from various geographical regions of China, and their sensitivity to a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI)fungicide ‘pydiflumetofen’ was evaluated. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) value of pydiflumetofen for mycelial growth suppression ranged from 0.0101 to 0.1012 μg/ml and for conidial germination inhibition ranged from 0.0051to 0.1082 μg/ml. Pydiflumetofen treated hyphae showed contortion and increased branching, cell membrane permeability, and glycerol content significantly. The result of electron microscope transmission indicated that pydiflumetofen damaged the mycelial cell wall and the cell membrane, and almost broken up the cells, which increased the intracellular plasma leakage. There was no cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and the widely used fungicides such as carbendazim, prochloraz, and phenamacril. Pydiflumetofen was found safe to seeds and rice seedlings of four rice cultivars, used up to 400 μg/ml. Seed treatment significantly decreased the rate of diseased plants in the greenhouse as well as in field trials in 2017 and 2018. Pydiflumetofen showed superb results against RBD, when used at 10 or 20 g a.i./100 kg of treated seeds, providing over 90% control efficacy (the highest control efficacy was up to 97%), which was significantly higher than that of 25% phenamacril (SC) at 10g or carbendazim at 100 g. Pydiflumetofen is highly effective against F. fujikuroi growth and sporulation as well as RBD in the field.

scholarly journals Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide resistance prevention strategy

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. McKay ◽  
G.C. Hagerty ◽  
G.B. Follas ◽  
M.S. Moore ◽  
M.S. Christie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Fungicide Resistance ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Resistance Development ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Action Committee ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor

Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides are currently represented in New Zealand by eight active ingredients bixafen boscalid carboxin fluaxapyroxad fluopyram isopyrazam penthiopyrad and sedaxane They are either currently registered or undergoing development in New Zealand for use against a range of ascomycete and basiodiomycete pathogens in crops including cereals ryegrass seed apples pears grapes stonefruit cucurbits and kiwifruit These fungicides are considered to have medium to high risk of resistance development and resistance management is recommended by the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) in Europe Guidelines are presented for use of SDHI fungicides in New Zealand to help avoid or delay the development of resistance in the fungal pathogens that they target

Operational Risk Assessment of Wind Turbine Structures Using Probabilistic Analysis of Aerodynamically Induced Vibrations

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Velazquez ◽  
R. Andrew Swartz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Vortex Shedding ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Resistance Risk ◽  
Structural Resistance

The study of efficiency and safety for wind turbine structures under variable operating conditions is increasingly important for wind turbine design. Optimum aerodynamic performance of a wind turbine demands that serviceability effects and ultimate strength loads remain under safety design limits. From the perspective of wind turbine efficiency, variations in wind speed causes bluffing effects and vortex shedding that lead to vibration intensities in the longitudinal and transversal direction that can negatively impact aerodynamic performance of the turbine. From the perspective of wind turbine safety, variations in loading may lead to transient internal loads that threaten the safety of the structure. Inertial effects and asynchronous delays on rotational-force transmission may generate similar hazards. Monitoring and controlling displacement limits and load demands at critical tower locations can improve the efficiency of wind power generation, not to mention the structural performance of the turbine from both a strength and serviceability point of view. In this study, a probabilistic monitoring approach is developed to measure the response of the combined tower/nacelle/blade system to stochastic loading, estimate peak demand, and compare that demand to building code-derived estimates of structural resistance. Risk assessment is performed for the effects of along and across-wind forces in a framework of quantitative risk analysis with the goal of developing a near real-time estimate of structural risk that may be used to monitor safety and serviceability of the structure as well as regulate the aggressiveness of the controller that commands the blade angle of attack. To accomplish this goal, a numerical simulation of the aerodynamic performance of a wind turbine (including blades, the nacelle and the tower) is analyzed to study the interaction between the structural system and incoming flow. A model based on distributed-stationary random wind load profile for the combined along-wind and across-wind responses is implemented in Matlab to simulate full aero-elastic dynamic analysis to simulate tower with nacelle, hub, rotor and tower substructures. Self-weight, rotational, and axial effects of the blades, as well as lateral resistance of substructure elements are incorporated in the finite element model, including vortex-shedding effects on the wake zone. Reliability on the numerical solution is inspected on the tower structure by comparing the numerical solution with established experimental-analytical procedures.

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