scholarly journals Strategic Text Processing Across Mediums: A Verbal Protocol Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Latini ◽  
Ivar Bråten

MANUSYA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Sutthirak Sapsirin ◽  
Kanchana Prapphal ◽  
Lyle F. Bachman

This study investigated the strategies used by examinees when performing a computer-based speaking test. The data were collected from nine university students through a retrospective interview. The results showed that the examinees used several strategies, ranging from goal setting, assessment, planning to communication strategies. These strategies seemed to be associated with the constructs the CBST aimed to measure. It can be concluded that the findings provide evidence that supports the validity of the CBST score interpretations.



Author(s):  
Hyunmin Cheong ◽  
Gregory M. Hallihan ◽  
L.H. Shu

AbstractBiomimetic design applies biological analogies to solve design problems and has been known to produce innovative solutions. However, when designers are asked to perform biomimetic design, they often have difficulty recognizing analogies between design problems and biological phenomena. Therefore, this research aims to investigate designer behaviors that either hinder or promote the use of analogies in biomimetic design. A verbal protocol study was conducted on 30 engineering students working in small teams while participating in biomimetic design sessions. A coding scheme was developed to analyze cognitive processes involved in biomimetic design. We observed that teams were less likely to apply overall biological analogies if they tended to recall existing solutions that could be easily associated with specific superficial or functional characteristics of biological phenomena. We also found that the tendency to evaluate ideas, which reflects critical thinking, correlates with the likelihood of identifying overall biological analogies. Insights from this paper may contribute toward developing generalized methods to facilitate biomimetic design.



1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Barber ◽  
Mark V. Roehling


1985 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-375
Author(s):  
Robert L. Mack


2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Hines ◽  
Mark A. McDaniel ◽  
Melissa Guynn


Author(s):  
Kjell Ohlsson ◽  
Lars-Goeran Nilsson ◽  
Jerker Roennberg
Keyword(s):  


2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Collins ◽  
Betty Ann Levy
Keyword(s):  


1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Pugzles Lorch ◽  
Robert F. Lorch ◽  
Jonathan M. Golding
Keyword(s):  


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