Free trade, fair trade and gender inequality in less developed countries

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Steinkopf Rice
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Fair Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Trade Fair ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Violence Against Women in Sanaa Shalan’s Falling in the Sun

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Saif AL Deen Lutfi Ali AL Ghammaz ◽  
Ruzy Suliza Hashim ◽  
Amrah Binti Abdulmajid
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Violence against women is a heinous act committed against a woman, a wife, a mother, a sister, or even a daughter deliberately or not deliberately causing her psychological, emotional, and physical harm. The rise of this unhealthy phenomenon mainly in less-developed countries such as Jordan necessitates more academic attention not only because of its detrimental effect on the Jordanian women’s lives, but also because it is intentionally ignored and dismissed as taboo. With that, there has been a growing interest among Jordanian writers and sociologists in exploring the extent of this social ill through creative literary genres such as novels. This paper for one primarily examines the manifestations of violence against women in the Jordanian context through a textual analysis of Falling in the Sun by Sanaa Shalan, an author hailing from the contemporary Jordanian generation. Originally written in Arabic, this well-known novel gives prominence to the severe reality of the distress habitually suffered by many Jordanian women, notably the various forms of violence that they have to tolerate living in a multicultural male-controlled nation. With a feminist reading of Falling in the Sun (2014), we shall examine Shalan’s representations of violence against women in the novel as a dire social illness resulting from mistaken social beliefs, absence of laws, and misunderstanding of religion and gender inequality in the Jordanian society. Additionally, the current paper’s outline is constructed on three main forms of violence against women, i.e. physical, psychological and economic abuse as depicted in Falling in the Sun through the novel’s female characters, primarily the main protagonists.

scholarly journals The Economic Implications of a Complete Free Trade and an Alternative Form of Free Trade in Sugar Through 1980

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-358
Author(s):  
M. Raquibuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

In recent years, it has been emphasized by many economists that the less developed countries cannot achieve self-sustaining economic growth unless they are given fair opportunities to sell their exportables in the world market. It is argued that the less developed countries are losing potential investment resources as a result of trade restrictions imposed by the developed countries on primary commodities. Sugar provides an example of a commodity whose free entry into world trade has been restricted by the United States and most of the developed countries of Europe. Sugar is the principle earner of foreign exchange for many developing countries. A decrease in the quantity of exports or a fall in the price has an important impact on the overall development of their economies. In recent years, the world production of centrifugal sugar has ranged between 64 and 66 million metric tons of raw sugar. Of this total production, Europe's share ranged from 23 to 24 million tons, or approximately 36 per cent. The United States, including Hawaii, produced approximately 5 million tons. Thus, nearly 50 per cent of world sugar production comes from the developed countries.

Fair trade for less developed countries?

The Lancet ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (9173) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Merlin Willcox
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries

The free trade–fair trade debate: Trade, labor, and the environment

1998 ◽  
pp. 186-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Howse ◽  
Michael J. Trebilcock
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Fair Trade ◽  
Trade Fair
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