Macrolichens of Montane Rain Forests in Panama, Province Chiriquí

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 539-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burkhard Büdel ◽  
Angelika Meyer ◽  
Noris Salazar ◽  
Hans Zellner ◽  
Gerhard Zotz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
New Records ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Cyanobacterial Lichens

AbstractSixty-eight lichen species were found in the lower montane rain forest of Fortuna(1000-1200 m) in the province of Chiriquí, Panama; 33 of these were cyanobacterial lichens. The montane rain forest of the Volcan Bartú (2200-3100 m) yielded 30 species of lichens, 13 of which have cyanobacterial photobionts. Forty of the species reported are new records for Panama. Information concerning their habitats within the forest and their phytogeographical affinities is provided where possible.

Melastomataceae in a continental Atlantic Forest island from southeastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Silva-Gonçalves ◽  
José Fernando Andrade Baumgratz ◽  
André Felippe Nunes-Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
New Records ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Forest Plant Species ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Forest Island ◽  
Insular Region

The Marambaia is an important natural refuge for preserving the genetic heritage of several rain forest plant species. In this insular region, where the vegetation types are Lower Montane Rain Forest and restingas (sandy coastal plain habitat), the impressive diversity of Melastomataceae consists of seven genera and 25 species of which 13 represent new records for the area. Miconia is best represented with 10 species, followed by Tibouchina (6 spp.), Leandra (4 spp.), Clidemia (2 spp.) and Huberia, Marcetia and Ossaea (1 sp. each). Most of the species are shrubs or trees and occur in Dense Submontane Ombrophilous Forest. Huberia ovalifolia DC., Leandra acutiflora (Naudin) Cogn. and Leandra melastomoides Raddi are cited in the list of endangered species for the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. An identification key is provided as well as descriptions, illustrations, comments on morphological peculiarities of species, and geographical and phenological data.

scholarly journals Biogeochemistry of an afrotropical montane rain forest on Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Schrumpf ◽  
Wolfgang Zech ◽  
Jan C. Axmacher ◽  
Herbert V. M. Lyaruu
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Seepage Water ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
East African ◽  
Montane Rain Forest

In contrast to their well-studied counterparts in the Neotropics and in Asia, East African montane rain forests are surrounded by semi-arid savanna plains. These plains have a high erosion potential for salt crusts accumulated at the soil surface. Hence it may be hypothesized that East African montane forest ecosystems experience strongly enhanced nutrient inputs via dry deposition, which alters their overall biogeochemistry. The aim of our study was to test this hypothesis by investigating K, Mg, Ca, Na and N-forms in rainfall, throughfall, fine litter, litter percolate and soil solution of a montane rain forest at Mt. Kilimanjaro. Four forest plots situated at elevations between 2250 and 2350 m asl on the south-western slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro were studied for 2 y. In contradiction to our hypothesis, inputs of K, Mg, Ca and Na via rainfall (7.5, 0.9, 2.3 and 6.2kg ha−1y−1) and throughfall (35, 2.0, 3.5 and 11kg ha−1−1) were low on Mt. Kilimanjaro. Fluxes of NH4-N and NO3-N were within the range observed at other montane rain forests, with NO3-N being the only nutrient partly absorbed in the forest canopies (2.9kg ha−1y−1 in rainfall, 0.9kg ha−1y−1 in throughfall). The highest overall nutrient concentrations in water samples occurred in litter percolate (1.4mg l−1 K, 0.3mg l−1 Mg, 0.8mg l−1 Ca, 0.3mg l−1 NH4-N, 0.9mg l−1 NO3-N), with values still being low compared to other sites. Nutrient concentrations in seepage water strongly declined with increasing soil depth. Thus, both inputs and losses of base cations from the forest by water pathways are assumed to be low. N or P limitation of growth is not expected since high fluxes of N and P in fine litter (119 and 5.9kg ha−1y−1 for N and P respectively) indicate low within-stand efficiency.

Ants accelerate litter decomposition in a Costa Rican lowland tropical rain forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence P. McGlynn ◽  
Evan K. Poirson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest

Abstract:The decomposition of leaf litter is governed, in part, by litter invertebrates. In tropical rain forests, ants are dominant predators in the leaf litter and may alter litter decomposition through the action of a top-down control of food web structure. The role of ants in litter decomposition was investigated in a Costa Rican lowland rain forest with two experiments. In a mesocosm experiment, we manipulated ant presence in 50 ambient leaf-litter mesocosms. In a litterbag gradient experiment, Cecropia obtusifolia litter was used to measure decomposition rate constants across gradients in nutrients, ant density and richness, with 27 separate litterbag treatments for total arthropod exclusion or partial arthropod exclusion. After 2 mo, mass loss in mesocosms containing ants was 30.9%, significantly greater than the 23.5% mass loss in mesocosms without ants. In the litter bags with all arthropods excluded, decomposition was best accounted by the carbon: phosphorus content of soil (r2 = 0.41). In litter bags permitting smaller arthropods but excluding ants, decomposition was best explained by the local biomass of ants in the vicinity of the litter bags (r2 = 0.50). Once the microarthropod prey of ants are permitted to enter litterbags, the biomass of ants near the litterbags overtakes soil chemistry as the regulator of decomposition. In concert, these results support a working hypothesis that litter-dwelling ants are responsible for accelerating litter decomposition in lowland tropical rain forests.

Eight new lichen species and 88 new records from Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gothamie Weerakoon ◽  
Patricia A. Wolseley ◽  
Omal Arachchige ◽  
Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres ◽  
Udeni Jayalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
New Records ◽  
Lichen Species

scholarly journals Canopy gap colonization in the Atlantic Montane Rain Forest

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A. Ferreira de Lima ◽  
Leila Cunha de Moura
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Canopy Gap ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Herb Species ◽  
Gap Structure

In the Atlantic Montane Rain Forest of South-eastern Brazil, a study was carried out to describe and evaluate canopy gap colonization. Gap composition by herb species was assessed through their soil coverage and woody species by measuring and identifying all individuals taller than one meter. Gap structure (gap size, number and diameter of treefalls), topographic position and surrounding vegetation were also measured. Two genera of Marantaceae were markedly frequent and abundant inside gaps. The more abundant and frequent woody species were shade tolerant. Species-rich families found inside gaps did not differ from the forest as a whole. Results revealed that direct and indirect influences of topography were important to determine gap composition of woody species. Evidently gap colonization had a considerable influence of topography and pre-established individuals besides variables of gap structure.

scholarly journals LINGKUNGAN VEGETASI SITUS PERCANDIAN PADANG LAWAS DAN TUMBUHAN BALAKA

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Arfian Arfian
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Lowland Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
High Level

Based on the results of research on the vegetation around Padang Lawas Temples, Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatera Province, can be known that Padang Lawas Temple sites are located in vegetation environment of lowland tropical rain forest with a high level diversity of plant families, one of those plant families is Euphorbiaceae with one of its species, Phylanthus emlica. L(Balaka). Phylanthus emlica is a type wild plant that grows open spaces in lowland tropical rain forests. Observing its life characteristic and its habitat, then Balaka plant (Phylanthus emlica) in Padang Lawas Temples’ yards was not planted in purpose planted but grows naturally. Balaka plant (Phylanthus emlica) has different name in every area. In Melayu, this plant is known as malaka. In Minangkabau known as balaka, in Sunda known as malaka and in Java, this plant is known as Kemloko, meanwhile in Madura and Bali this plant is called mlakah ,and karsinta in Flores (NTT)

scholarly journals Contribution to the knowledge of the lichen biota of Bolivia. 5

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Flakus ◽  
Harrie J. M. Sipman ◽  
Kerstin Bach ◽  
Pamela Rodriguez Flakus ◽  
Kerry Knudsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
New Records ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Critical Groups ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
First Time

Abstract This paper presents new records of 180 lichen species from Bolivia; 103 are new national records. Three species, Bryonora curvescens (Mudd) Poelt (also from Ecuador), Lepraria elobata Tønsberg and Pyrenula laetior Müll. Arg., are reported for the first time from the Southern Hemisphere, and five, Bathelium aff. sphaericum (C. W. Dodge) R. C. Harris, Lepraria jackii Tønsberg, Psiloparmelia arhizinosa Hale, Szczawinskia tsugae A. Funk and Trinathotrema lumbricoides (Sipman) Sipman & Aptroot, are new to South America. To complement the rather poorly recognized distribution of some species, five of the taxa reported here are also new to Ecuador. Notes on distribution and chemistry are provided for most species, and some, especially those belonging to taxonomically critical groups, are discussed in greater detail.

Resupinate poroid fungi from tropical rain forests in Brazil: two new species and new records

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyne Christina Gomes-Silva ◽  
Leif Ryvarden ◽  
Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Two New Species
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