Optimum rice yield under short-term cover crop fallow systems

2001 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
R. K. Akanvou ◽  
M. Becker ◽  
M. J. Kropff ◽  
L. Bastiaans ◽  
G. Dea
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fallow Systems

scholarly journals Upland rice yield as affected by Brachiaria coverage management

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano S. Nascente ◽  
Luís F. Stone ◽  
Cleber M. Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Tillage System

An important point in no-tillage system is the time between cover crop glyphosate desiccation and rice sowing. This study aimed to verify the effect of Brachiaria ruziziensis management time before rice sowing on rice yield and its components. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions and consisted of four types of B. ruziziensis management: with Brachiaria and with herbicide (WBWH), without Brachiaria shoots and with herbicide (NBWH), without Brachiaria shoots and without herbicide (NBNH), and with Brachiaria and without herbicide (WBNH), at four times: 30, 20, 10, and 0 days, preceding the rice sowing. The amount of B. ruziziensis dry matter increased as the management was done closer to the rice sowing date. The WBWH and WBNH managements (this one causes the lowest rice grain yield) must be done 30 days before rice sowing; while NBWH management must be done ten or more days before rice sowing. On the other hand, NBNH management (this one favors the best rice grain yield) can be done until rice sowing day. Despite some reduction in rice yield caused by the B. ruziziensis management, when it was done at the proper time the rice grain yield was similar to the control (without Brachiaria sowing and without herbicide application).

Mucuna Cover Crop Fallow Systems: Potential and limitations

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanglong Tian ◽  
Fusako Ishida ◽  
Dyno Keatinge ◽  
Robert J. Carsky ◽  
Mathias Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Fallow Systems

Pueraria Cover Crop Fallow Systems: Benefits and Applicability

2015 ◽  
pp. 137-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanglong Tian ◽  
Stefan Hauser ◽  
Lydie-Stella Koutika ◽  
Fusako Ishida ◽  
Jonas N. Chianu
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Fallow Systems

Mucuna Cover Crop Fallow Systems: Potential and limitations

2015 ◽  
pp. 111-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Carsky ◽  
Mathias Becker ◽  
Stefan Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Fallow Systems

Strong mitigation of net global warming potential (GWP) via short-term aerobic pre-digestion of green manured soil in rice paddy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonji Song ◽  
Jin Ho Lee ◽  
Songrae Cho ◽  
Hogyeong Chae ◽  
Pil Joo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Aerobic Decomposition ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Stock Change ◽  
Net Global Warming Potential

<p> Cover crop cultivation is strongly recommended during fallow season to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. However, since its biomass recycling as green manure can dramatically increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, in particular, methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) during rice cropping season, smart cover crop management strategy should be developed. In our previous research, CH<sub>4</sub> emission during cropping season was dramatically reduced via short-term aerobic decomposition before irrigation (Lee et al.). However, due to a fast response rate of aerobic decomposition, the effect of mitigating CH<sub>4</sub> emission could be offset by SOC depletion which results in accelerating global warming. To evaluate the comprehensive impact of the short-term aerobic decomposition on global warming, net global warming potential (GWP), defined as the difference between GWP and SOC stock change was employed. SOC stock change was estimated using net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB), a balance between soil C input and output. The mixture of barley and hairy vetch cultivated during the dried fallow season, and then its whole biomass was incorporated 0-30 days before irrigation for rice transplanting. The aerobic decomposition of cover crop biomass significantly reduced CH<sub>4</sub> emission by 24-85% over control but negligibly influences N<sub>2</sub>O emission. Total C input and output were unaffected by the aerobic digestion. Although carbon emission before flooding dramatically increased after biomass application in aerobic decomposition treatments, the mineralized C losses exhibited no differences among treatments. Based on these results, NECB values were similar in all treatments. This implies the aerobic decomposition did not stimulate SOC depletion, compared to the control. Finally, the net GWP highly decreased by 30-86% by the aerobic digestion due to the significant reduction of CH<sub>4</sub> emission. In conclusion, earlier application of cover crops before irrigation is a smart strategy to decrease methane emission, maintaining soil carbon sequestration effect of cover crop biomasses application.</p>

Pueraria Cover Crop Fallow Systems: Benefits and Applicability

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanglong Tian ◽  
Fusako Ishida ◽  
Dyno Keatinge ◽  
Guanglong Tian ◽  
Stefan Hauser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Fallow Systems

scholarly journals Mustard and Other Cover Crop Effects Vary on Lettuce Drop Caused by Sclerotinia minor and on Weeds

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1019-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany A. Bensen ◽  
Richard F. Smith ◽  
Krishna V. Subbarao ◽  
Steven T. Koike ◽  
Steven A. Fennimore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sclerotinia Minor ◽  
Cover Cropping ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Lettuce Drop

Mustard cover crops have been suggested as a potential biofumigant for managing soilborne agricultural pests and weeds. We conducted several experiments in commercial lettuce fields in the Salinas Valley, CA, to evaluate the effects of mustard cover crops on lettuce drop caused by Sclerotinia minor and on weed density and seed viability. In a long-term study, we measured the effects of white and Indian mustard cover crops on the density of S. minor sclerotia in soil, lettuce drop incidence, weed densities, weed seed viability, and crop yield in head lettuce. We also tested broccoli and rye cover crop treatments and a fallow control. Across several short-term studies, we evaluated the density of S. minor sclerotia in soil, lettuce drop incidence, weed densities, and weed seed viability following cover cropping with a mustard species blend. Numbers of sclerotia in soil were low in most experimental locations and were not affected by cover cropping. Mustard cover crops did not reduce disease incidence in the long-term experiment but the incidence of lettuce drop was lower in mustard-cover-cropped plots across the short-term experiments. With the exception of common purslane and hairy nightshade, weed densities and weed seed viability were not significantly reduced by cover cropping with mustard. Head lettuce yield was significantly higher in mustard-cover-cropped plots compared with a fallow control. Glucosinolate content in the two mustard species was similar to those measured in other studies but, when converted to an equivalent of a commercial fumigant, the concentrations were much lower than the labeled rate for lettuce production. Although mustard cover cropping resulted in yield benefits in this study, there was little to no disease or weed suppression.

Short-term effects of crop rotations and wood-residue amendments on potato yields and soil properties of a sandy loam soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc O. Gasser ◽  
Marc R. Laverdière ◽  
Adrien N’dayegamiye
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Potato Yields

A 3-yr study (1988–1990) was conducted on a Beaurivage sandy loam soil located in St-Lambert, Québec, Canada, to evaluate the short-term effects of crop rotations and organic amendments on soil properties and potato yields (Solanum tuberosum, L.). Treatments consisted of yearly fall rye (Secale cereale, L.) as a green-manure cover crop, barley (Hordeum vulgare, L.) grown every 3-yr in potato crop rotation, partially humified bark residues and fresh tree clippings applied once at 100 m3 ha−1 in the beginning of the experiment, and continuous potato in monoculture used as check. Fertilizer rates were applied at 150, 100, 160 and 40 kg ha−1 rates for N, P2O5, K2O5 and Mg, respectively. Results indicated that more rapid changes of soil C content were observed with ligneous material incorporation than with fall rye and barley residue additions. Compared with fresh tree cuttings, partially humified bark induced rapid changes in soil organic C and cationic exchange capacity (CEC). A temporary soil structural stability improvement was observed in 1989 under fall rye cover crop. However soil bulk density increased significantly (P < 0.05) in these plots in 1990, and this was also related to low potato yields. Barley residues and ligneous amendments significantly improved soil water content during the critical flowering stage, and this increased potato yields and specific gravity (P < 0.05). In general, soil amendment would improve potato yields and quality through improved soil water content on a short-term. Key words: Barley, rye, rotation, cover crop, ligneous amendments, potato yields, soil physical and chemical properties

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