Edward Jenner’s Role in the Introduction of Smallpox Vaccine

2011 ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick Baxby
Keyword(s):  
Smallpox Vaccine

First Smallpox Vaccine Since 1931 Approved by the FDA

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
JEFF EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Smallpox Vaccine

First Smallpox Vaccine Since 1931 Approved by FDA

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (20) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
JEFF EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Smallpox Vaccine

scholarly journals Epicutaneous immunization with modified vaccinia Ankara viral vectors generates superior T cell immunity against a respiratory viral challenge

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youdong Pan ◽  
Luzheng Liu ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Jingxia Zhao ◽  
Chang Ook Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Smallpox Vaccine ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Respiratory Challenge ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Route Of Delivery

AbstractModified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) was recently approved as a smallpox vaccine. Variola is transmitted by respiratory droplets and MVA immunization by skin scarification (s.s.) protected mice far more effectively against lethal respiratory challenge with vaccinia virus (VACV) than any other route of delivery, and at lower doses. Comparisons of s.s. with intradermal, subcutaneous, or intramuscular routes showed that MVAOVA s.s.-generated T cells were both more abundant and transcriptionally unique. MVAOVA s.s. produced greater numbers of lung Ova-specific CD8+ TRM and was superior in protecting mice against lethal VACVOVA respiratory challenge. Nearly as many lung TRM were generated with MVAOVA s.s. immunization compared to intra-tracheal immunization with MVAOVA and both routes vaccination protected mice against lethal pulmonary challenge with VACVOVA. Strikingly, MVAOVA s.s.-generated effector T cells exhibited overlapping gene transcriptional profiles to those generated via intra-tracheal immunization. Overall, our data suggest that heterologous MVA vectors immunized via s.s. are uniquely well-suited as vaccine vectors for respiratory pathogens, which may be relevant to COVID-19. In addition, MVA delivered via s.s. could represent a more effective dose-sparing smallpox vaccine.

Smallpox vaccine and its stockpile in 2005

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Arita
Keyword(s):  
Smallpox Vaccine
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