Gut Microbes, Immunity, and Metabolism

2010 ◽  
pp. 311-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Hsu ◽  
Gary Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbes

Gut microbes fend off diabetes in mice

Nature ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Ledford
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbes ◽  
Diabetes In Mice

Identification of Cross Reactive Insulin Immunogenic Epitopes from Commensal Gut Microbes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 95-OR ◽  
Author(s):  
EMRAH ALTINDIS ◽  
ANTHONY N. VOMUND ◽  
I-TING CHOW ◽  
MARCOS DAMASIO ◽  
WILLIAM KWOK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbes

Modulation of Gut Microbiota through Dietary Phytochemicals as a Novel Anti-infective Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan K. Mujawdiya ◽  
Suman Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Gut Microbes

: Quorum Sensing (QS) is a phenomenon in which bacterial cells communicate with each other with the help of several low molecular weight compounds. QS is largely dependent on population density, and it triggers when the concentration of quorum sensing molecules accumulate in the environment and crosses a particular threshold. Once a certain population density is achieved and the concentration of molecules crosses a threshold, the bacterial cells show a collective behavior in response to various chemical stimuli referred to as “auto-inducers”. The QS signaling is crucial for several phenotypic characteristics responsible for bacterial survival such as motility, virulence, and biofilm formation. Biofilm formation is also responsible for making bacterial cells resistant to antibiotics. : The human gut is home to trillions of bacterial cells collectively called “gut microbiota” or “gut microbes”. Gut microbes are a consortium of more than 15,000 bacterial species and play a very crucial role in several body functions such as metabolism, development and maturation of the immune system, and the synthesis of several essential vitamins. Due to its critical role in shaping human survival and its modulating impact on body metabolisms, the gut microbial community has been referred to as “the forgotten organ” by O`Hara et al. (2006) [1]. Several studies have demonstrated that chemical interaction between the members of bacterial cells in the gut is responsible for shaping the overall microbial community. : Recent advances in phytochemical research have generated a lot of interest in finding new, effective, and safer alternatives to modern chemical-based medicines. In the context of antimicrobial research various plant extracts have been identified with Quorum Sensing Inhibitory (QSI) activities among bacterial cells. This review focuses on the mechanism of quorum sensing and quorum sensing inhibitors isolated from natural sources.

Metabolic Teamwork between Gut Microbes and Hosts

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H Karasov ◽  
Hannah V. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbes

Gut Microbes Join Host in Metabolizing, Perhaps Detoxifying Arsenic

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
Carol Potera
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbes

Gut microbes protect mice from dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 247 (3294) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Alice Klein
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbes

scholarly journals Supplementation of Lactobacillus early in life alters attention bias to threat in piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Else Verbeek ◽  
Johan Dicksved ◽  
Linda Keeling
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Beneficial Microbes ◽  
Gut Microbes ◽  
Suitable Tool ◽  
Vigilance Behaviour

AbstractGut microbes play an important role in regulating brain processes and influence behaviour, cognition and emotional states in humans and rodents. Nevertheless, it is not known how ingestion of beneficial microbes modulates emotional states in piglets and whether it can improve welfare. Here we use an attention bias task to assess the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC-PTA-6475 and Lactobacillus plantarum L1-6 supplementation early in life on emotional states in 33 piglets compared to 31 placebo supplemented piglets. We hypothesized that Lactobacillus supplementation would reduce vigilance behaviour (head at shoulder height or higher) and attention (head oriented towards the threat) in response to an auditory threat. The results showed that the control group increased vigilance behaviour in response to the threat, but there was no increase in the probiotics group. Despite the increased vigilance, the control group paid less attention to the threat. One explanation may be that control piglets avoided looking in the direction of the threat just because they perceived it as more threatening, but further research is necessary to confirm this. In conclusion, Lactobacillus supplementation may be a suitable tool to reduce anxiety, promote a more appropriate response to a challenge and so improve welfare.

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