The Role of Calcium Ions in Dopamine Synthesis and Dopamine Release

In the past most studies of the control of energy metabolism focus on the role of the phosphorylation potential ATP/ADP.Pi on the regulation of respiration. Studies using NMR techniques have demonstrated that the concentrations of these compounds for oxidation phosphorylation do not change appreciably throughout the cardiac cycle and during increases in cardiac work. Hence regulation of energy production by calcium ions, present in the mitochondrial matrix, has been the object of a number of recent studies.Three exclusively intramitochondnal dehydrogenases are key enzymes for the regulation of oxidative metabolism. They are activated by calcium ions in the low micromolar range. Since, however, earlier estimates of the intramitochondnal calcium, based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations, were in the millimolar range, a physiological correlation was not evident. The introduction of calcium-sensitive probes fura-2 and indo-1 made monitoring of free calcium during changing energy metabolism possible. These studies were performed on isolated mitochondria and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is more or less speculative.

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Further evidence for a role of δ-opiate receptors in the presynaptic regulation of newly synthesized dopamine release

European Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/0014-2999(86)90731-4 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 126 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Francis Petit ◽

Michel Hamon ◽

Marie-Claude Fournie-Zaluski ◽

Bernard P. Roques ◽

Jacques Glowinski

Keyword(s):

Dopamine Release ◽

Opiate Receptors ◽

Presynaptic Regulation

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The role of neurohumours in early embryogenesis

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.23.3.549 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 549-569

Author(s):

G. A. Buznikov ◽

A. N. Kost ◽

N. F. Kucherova ◽

A. L. Mndzhoyan ◽

N. N. Suvorov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Urchin ◽

Functional Activity ◽

Early Onset ◽

Active Sites ◽

Physiological Effect ◽

Early Embryogenesis ◽

Dopamine Synthesis ◽

Direct Involvement ◽

Misgurnus Fossilis

In previous papers (Buznikov, Chudakova & Zvezdina, 1964; Buznikov, Chudakova, Berdysheva & Vyazmina, 1968) we reported that fertilized eggs of the sea-urchin Strongylocentrotus dröbachiensis synthesized a number of neurohumours, such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), acetylcholine (ACh), adrenalin (A), noradrenalin (NA) and dopamine. Synthesis of 5-HT was also demonstrated in the fertilized eggs of the loach Misgurnus fossilis and some marine Invertebrata. In experiments with sea-urchin embryos we were able to trace regular changes in the level of 5-HT, ACh, A and NA, related to the first cleavage divisions. This early onset of neurohumour synthesis, as well as regular changes in their level, suggests their direct involvement in the regulation of the first cleavage divisions. The functional activity of neurohumours (M) in adult organisms is realized through their reaction with the active sites of corresponding receptors (R) according to the following equation:The magnitude of the physiological effect under certain conditions is linearly proportional to the number of complexes MR formed (Turpayev, 1962; Ariëns, 1964).

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