Gastric Lipase: Characteristics and Biological Function of Preduodenal Digestive Lipases

Inhibition of gastrointestinal lipolysis by Orlistat during digestion of test meals in healthy volunteers

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.1.g16 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 281 (1) ◽

pp. G16-G28 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Frédéric Carrière ◽

Christophe Renou ◽

Stéphane Ransac ◽

Véronique Lopez ◽

Josiane De Caro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Meal ◽

Liquid Meal ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Gastric Lipase ◽

Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽

Fat Excretion ◽

Digestive Lipases ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Lipase Inhibition

The inhibition of digestive lipases by the antiobesity drug Orlistat along with lipolysis levels and fecal fat excretion were measured in healthy humans. Orlistat was found to be a powerful gastric lipase inhibitor, achieving 46.6–91.4% enzyme inhibition and thus greatly reducing gastric lipolysis of solid and liquid meals (11–33% of respective controls). Gastric lipase inhibition by Orlistat was extremely fast (half-inhibition time < 1 min). Duodenal lipolysis was reduced significantly by Orlistat given with the solid meal (32.6–37.6% of controls) but was only slightly reduced by Orlistat given with the liquid meal (74.5–100% of controls). Human pancreatic lipase (HPL) inhibition was found to be high (51.2–82.6%), however, regardless of the meal. These paradoxical results were explained when in vitro lipolysis experiments were performed. The rates of HPL inhibition by Orlistat were found to be similar with both types of meals (half-inhibition time 5–6 min), but the preemulsified triglycerides of the liquid meal were rapidly hydrolyzed by HPL before the enzyme was significantly inhibited by Orlistat. With the solid meal, the rate of hydrolysis of the meal triglycerides by HPL was slower than the rate of HPL inhibition by Orlistat. As predicted from the previous results, the effects of Orlistat on fat excretion levels were found to be much greater with the solid (40.5–57.4% of ingested fat) than with the liquid (4.2–18.8%) test meal.

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Lingual and gastric lipases: species differences in the origin of prepancreatic digestive lipases and in the localization of gastric lipase

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism ◽

10.1016/0005-2760(88)90147-6 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 959 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Stephen J. DeNigris ◽

Margit Hamosh ◽

Dinkar K. Kasbekar ◽

Thomas C. Lee ◽

Paul Hamosh

Keyword(s):

Species Differences ◽

Gastric Lipase ◽

Digestive Lipases

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Review for "IL‐9 exerts biological function on antigen‐experienced murine T cells and exacerbates colitis induced by adoptive transfer"

10.1002/eji.201948430/v1/review2 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Adoptive Transfer ◽

Biological Function

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Sobre el concepto de función en biología. Historia y problemas recientes

Contrastes Revista Internacional de Filosofía ◽

10.24310/contrastescontrastes.v16i0.1578 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Andrés L. Jaume

Keyword(s):

Biological Function ◽

Mechanistic Explanation ◽

Functional Explanation ◽

Function Concept ◽

Philosophical Thinking ◽

Systemic Theory ◽

Points Of View

RESUMENEl presente artículo analiza las diferentes teorías que sobre el concepto de función se han vertido en los últimos cuarenta años y sus problemas. Respecto de los dos grandes enfoques (histórico-etiológico y sistémico) se sostiene que el primero, pese a su hegemonía histórica, presenta considerables dificultades y que la reflexión actual se centra cada vez más en la perspectiva sistémica. Esta última puede enfrentarse mejor a los diversos problemas que genera el concepto de función biológica y es siempre preferible.PALABRAS CLAVEFUNCIÓN BIOLÓGICA, FUNCIÓN SISTéMICA, EXPLICACIÓN FUNCIONAL, EXPLICACIÓN BASADA EN MECANISMOS, TELEOLOGíAABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the different theories on biological function and the problems they brought up over the last forty years. Concerning the two most important points of view on functions (aetiological theory and systemic theory) I hold that the aetiological theory, despite its historical hegemony, presents substantial difficulties and that the present philosophical thinking is centred on systemic theories. Systemic theories are capable of solving the various problems generated by the biological function concept which is preferable.KEYWORDSBIOLOGICAL FUNCTION, SySTEMIC FUNCTION, FUNCTIONAL EXPLANATION, MECHANISTIC EXPLANATION TELEOLOGY

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