Randomized Clinical Trials of Surgical Procedures

2007 ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Michael P. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials

Perioperative monitoring: anaesthesiology

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2683-2686
Author(s):  
Stefan De Hert
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Temperature Monitoring ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Perioperative Monitoring

Despite the absence of prospective randomized clinical trials on the relevance of perioperative monitoring to outcome, circumstantial evidence clearly indicates that the routine use of perioperative monitoring improves safety and patient outcome. The introduction of minimal instrumental monitoring during the early 1980s substantially reduced the number of serious perioperative accidents and deaths. Nowadays, obligatory basic perioperative monitoring includes electrocardiography, intermittent blood pressure measurement, continuous plethysmography, capnography, measurement of delivered gas concentrations, and temperature monitoring. More sophisticated monitoring can be applied in specific cases and surgical procedures. This chapter gives an overview of the currently available perioperative monitoring tools.

L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Reza Mirhafez ◽  
Mitra Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract. L-arginine is an important factor in several physiological and biochemical processes. Recently, scientists studied L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We conducted a systematic review on randomized controlled trials assessing L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators. We searched data bases including Google scholar, ISI web of science, SCOPUS, and PubMed/Medline up to April 2019. Randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of L-arginine on inflammatory mediators in human adults were included. Our search retrieved eleven articles with 387 participants. Five articles were on patients with cancer and 6 articles were on adults without cancer. L-arginine was applied in enteral form in 5 articles and in oral form in 6 articles. Eight articles were on both genders, two articles were on women, and one article was on men. L-arginine could not reduce inflammatory mediators among patients with and without cancer except one article which indicated that taking L-arginine for 6 months decreased IL-6 among cardiopathic nondiabetic patients. Our results indicated that L-arginine might not be able to reduce selected inflammatory mediators, but for making a firm decision more studies are needed to be conducted with longer intervention duration, separately on male and female and with different doses of L-arginine.

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