Case Studies of Global Governance for Health Research

This chapter focuses on governance, a key building block of a health system. A government is responsible for the health of its people. It sets the health strategy and oversees the implementation of health programs. External forces and actors influence the governance of the health sector. This chapter explores governance of health from the perspective of the nation-state coordinating its own health system (sometimes called governance for global health). The chapter examines the internal and external forces that influence national governance for global health. The chapter also looks beyond the level of the nation-state to explore the concept of global governance for health. In the interconnected and globalized world, global governance for health is needed to coordinate the geopolitical forces that impact health and its social determinants.

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Assessing and piloting interoperability for population health research

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.270 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

F Estupiñán-Romero ◽

J Gonzalez-García ◽

E Bernal-Delgado

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Population Health ◽

Health Research ◽

Network Architecture ◽

Digital Health ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Health Data ◽

Research Network ◽

Technical Solution ◽

Privacy And Security

Abstract Issue/problem Interoperability is paramount when reusing health data from multiple data sources and becomes vital when the scope is cross-national. We aimed at piloting interoperability solutions building on three case studies relevant to population health research. Interoperability lies on four pillars; so: a) Legal frame (i.e., compliance with the GDPR, privacy- and security-by-design, and ethical standards); b) Organizational structure (e.g., availability and access to digital health data and governance of health information systems); c) Semantic developments (e.g., existence of metadata, availability of standards, data quality issues, coherence between data models and research purposes); and, d) Technical environment (e.g., how well documented are data processes, which are the dependencies linked to software components or alignment to standards). Results We have developed a federated research network architecture with 10 hubs each from a different country. This architecture has implied: a) the design of the data model that address the research questions; b) developing, distributing and deploying scripts for data extraction, transformation and analysis; and, c) retrieving the shared results for comparison or pooled meta-analysis. Lessons The development of a federated architecture for population health research is a technical solution that allows full compliance with interoperability pillars. The deployment of this type of solution where data remain in house under the governance and legal requirements of the data owners, and scripts for data extraction and analysis are shared across hubs, requires the implementation of capacity building measures. Key messages Population health research will benefit from the development of federated architectures that provide solutions to interoperability challenges. Case studies conducted within InfAct are providing valuable lessons to advance the design of a future pan-European research infrastructure.

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Rethinking the foundations of global governance for health: the youth response

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60766-2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 383 (9932) ◽

pp. e16-e17

Author(s):

Unni Gopinathan ◽

Daniel Hougendobler ◽

Nick Watts ◽

Cristóbal Cuadrado ◽

Renzo R Guinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Governance ◽

Global Governance For Health

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Future challenges toward global governance for health

Global Health Governance and Policy ◽

10.4324/9781351188999-10 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 180-186

Author(s):

Eduardo Missoni ◽

Guglielmo Pacileo ◽

Fabrizio Tediosi

Keyword(s):

Global Governance ◽

Future Challenges ◽

Global Governance For Health

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Legitimating Global Governance in a Post-National World

International Organizations under Pressure ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198837893.003.0008 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 232-266

Author(s):

Klaus Dingwerth

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Global Governance ◽

International Organizations ◽

State Sovereignty ◽

The Core ◽

Norms And Values ◽

International Authority ◽

Normative Change

The chapter summarizes and reflects upon the core findings of our study. Compared to the 1970s and 1980s, how have the norms and values that underpin the justification, appraisal, and critique of international organizations shifted in the post-1990 world? The chapter argues that legitimacy standards of the national constellation are increasingly complemented by the legitimacy standards of the ‘post-national constellation’. While the legitimacy standards of the national constellation emphasize state sovereignty, functional cooperation, and non-coerciveness, the legitimacy standards of the post-national constellation conceptualize individuals as rights holders and are guided by a cosmopolitan ideal of inclusive global governance. More specifically, the case studies reveal a rise of people-based legitimation norms and a rise of procedural legitimacy standards. As the study shows, the politicization of expanded international authority is one important source of normative change. Other sources include the rise of new legitimation constituencies and self-reinforcing dynamics of normative change.

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Global governance for health: ten proposals for Asian leadership and infl uence

Asia's Role in Governing Global Health ◽

10.4324/9780203081211-23 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 243-257

Keyword(s):

Global Governance ◽

Asian Leadership ◽

Global Governance For Health

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Case study research for better evaluations of complex interventions: rationale and challenges

BMC Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12916-020-01777-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Paparini ◽

Judith Green ◽

Chrysanthi Papoutsi ◽

Jamie Murdoch ◽

Mark Petticrew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Case Studies ◽

Health Research ◽

Case Study Research ◽

Main Body ◽

Case Study Methodology ◽

Study Research ◽

Empirical Case Studies

Abstract Background The need for better methods for evaluation in health research has been widely recognised. The ‘complexity turn’ has drawn attention to the limitations of relying on causal inference from randomised controlled trials alone for understanding whether, and under which conditions, interventions in complex systems improve health services or the public health, and what mechanisms might link interventions and outcomes. We argue that case study research—currently denigrated as poor evidence—is an under-utilised resource for not only providing evidence about context and transferability, but also for helping strengthen causal inferences when pathways between intervention and effects are likely to be non-linear. Main body Case study research, as an overall approach, is based on in-depth explorations of complex phenomena in their natural, or real-life, settings. Empirical case studies typically enable dynamic understanding of complex challenges and provide evidence about causal mechanisms and the necessary and sufficient conditions (contexts) for intervention implementation and effects. This is essential evidence not just for researchers concerned about internal and external validity, but also research users in policy and practice who need to know what the likely effects of complex programmes or interventions will be in their settings. The health sciences have much to learn from scholarship on case study methodology in the social sciences. However, there are multiple challenges in fully exploiting the potential learning from case study research. First are misconceptions that case study research can only provide exploratory or descriptive evidence. Second, there is little consensus about what a case study is, and considerable diversity in how empirical case studies are conducted and reported. Finally, as case study researchers typically (and appropriately) focus on thick description (that captures contextual detail), it can be challenging to identify the key messages related to intervention evaluation from case study reports. Conclusion Whilst the diversity of published case studies in health services and public health research is rich and productive, we recommend further clarity and specific methodological guidance for those reporting case study research for evaluation audiences.

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