Research on the Financial Effectiveness of Alternative Water Supply Systems in European Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-130
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Stec
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Alternative Water Supply

scholarly journals Water supply regulation in Nigeria: problems, challenges, solutions and benefits

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Olajumoke Rukayat Balogun ◽  
Margarita M Redina
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
Tropical Weather ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Alternative Water Supply

Even though Nigeria is recognized for her rich vegetation and tropical weather and blessed with surplus water resources, the country still faces challenges on getting clean water supply around the country and mostly depend on alternative water supply like well, borehole and river. These alternative water supply systems are not efficient and viable enough for water supply systems especially in a country with large population. The country is characterized by irregular water supply and water management laws are also weak and mostly not in conformity with today's standard and needs. Proper management and conservation of the water supply services and resource has not given adequate attention by the government. It is, therefore, important to identify such factor that inhibits the implementation of water regulations and proffer a solution to these. In a bid to provide an understanding of the effect of implementing and enforcing stringent water regulation and providing adequate water supply, we compare forecasted population with investment capital expenditure (CAPEX) for water supply by Millennium Development Goal (MDG+) targets. The result shows that in year to come, the country will significantly benefit from investing and providing regular water supply through employment availability and revenue generated through utility water bills, spending less on epidemic of water-borne diseases thereby improving the lives and health of its citizen.

Assessment of the potential contribution of alternative water supply systems in two contrasting locations: Lilongwe, Malawi and Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Jussah ◽  
Mohamed O. M. Orabi ◽  
Janez Sušnik ◽  
Françoise Bichai ◽  
Chris Zevenbergen
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Supply Systems

Abstract Growing water demand poses a challenge for supply. Poor understanding of alternative sources can hamper plans for addressing water scarcity and supply resilience. The potential of three alternative supply systems in Lilongwe, Malawi and Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt are compared using a fast, data-light assessment approach. Lilongwe water supply is based on unsustainable use of source water, while Sharm depends primarily on desalination. Both locations experience shortages due to poor system performance and service inequity. Alternative supply systems are shown to potentially contribute to supply augmentation/diversification, improving service and system resilience. There are considerable seasonal variations to consider, especially regarding storage of water. Social preferences could limit the uptake/demand for alternative water. One important conclusion is the value in addressing public perceptions of alternative systems, and assessing water end use in order to site systems appropriately. Other issues surround financing, encouraging uptake and addressing institutional/governance aspects surrounding equitable distribution. A further consideration is whether demand reductions might yield shorter-term improvements in performance without the need to institute potentially expensive alternative water strategies. Reducing non-revenue water is a priority. Such measures should be undertaken with alternative supply enhancement to reduce inequity of supply, improve system performance and increase resilience to future changes.

scholarly journals A Study on Potential of Rainwater Harvesting System in SJK Chung Hua No. 2, Kuching

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Brenda K.E. Law ◽  
Rosmina A. Bustami
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Systems

This study focuses on rainwater harvesting system in a school area in Kuching, Sarawak. Over the years of development processes, there exists quite a number of environmental issues in Malaysia and this is getting serious day by day. Flooding, greenhouse effect, pollution, and global warming are some of the factors that are happening brought about by the rapid development in Malaysia and the whole world today. Presently, the water supply systems have improved but the demand is increasing due to the population growth, and development. To pursue the need for a more sustainable development, rainwater harvesting has been recognized as one of the innovative solutions. This method can be used as an alternative water supply in the future and can reduce the utility bills for water supply among the consumers and potential to be implemented in Malaysia since it has high rainfall intensity. Besides, usage of the collected water volume from rainwater harvesting was direct and without any treatment. The process will include observation of the study area, rainfall data, and collections of data to determine the storage capacity required. From this study, rainwater can fully replace the treated water and the cost of the system is RM 16,699.60. The payback period of the system is 7.12 years with minimum maintenance fees.

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