Exploring Hospital Wayfinding Systems: Design Guidelines for Wayfinding Interfaces

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Christy Harper ◽  
Tyler Duke ◽  
Angie Avera ◽  
Andrea Crosser ◽  
Spencer Jefferies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Design ◽  
Design Guidelines

Toward a User-Centered Method for Studying CVEs for Learning

2005 ◽  
pp. 269-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne Economou ◽  
Steve Pettifer
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Collaborative Virtual Environments ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Virtual Actors ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Grid Based

This chapter addresses one of the challenges the collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) research community faces which is the lack of a systematic approach to study social interaction in CVEs, determine requirements for CVE systems design, and inform the CVE systems design. It does this by presenting a method for studying multi-user systems in an educational context. The method has been developed as part of the Senet project, which is investigating the use of virtual actors in CVEs for learning. Groupware prototypes are studied in order to identify requirements and design factors for CVEs. The method adopts a rigorous approach for organizing experimental settings, collecting and analysing data, and informing CVE systems design. The analysis part of the method shares many of the Interaction Analysis foci and expands on it by providing a grid-based method of transforming rich qualitative data in a quantitative form. The outcome of this analysis is used for the derivation of design guidelines that can inform the construction of CVEs for learning. The method is described by a third phase of work in the Senet project.

The Effect of Scale on Fluid-Filled Flexible Composite Actuators

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry D. Peel ◽  
Luis Muratalla ◽  
Jeff Baur ◽  
Dean Foster
Keyword(s):  
Incompressible Fluid ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Critical Length ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Micro Air Vehicles ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Actuation Force ◽  
Opening And Closing

Morphing aircraft and other shape-changing structures are well suited to McKibben-like flexible composite actuators. These actuators, made from fiber-reinforced elastomeric composites, are extremely efficient in converting potential energy (pressurized air) into mechanical energy. Such actuators are promising for use in micro air vehicles, prosthetics and robotics because they offer excellent force-to-weight ratios and behave similar to biological muscle. Use of an incompressible pressurizing fluid instead of compressible air may also offer higher actuator stiffness, better control, and compatibility with existing actuation systems. Using incompressible fluids also allows the actuator to serve as a variable stiffness element which can be modulated by opening and closing valves that constrain or allow fluid flow. The effect of an incompressible fluid (water) on the performance of Rubber Muscle Actuators (RMA), with varying diameters, lengths and segment lengths, was experimentally investigated in the current work. Upon pressurization with air or water, past an activation threshold, overall force and stroke increased with increasing actuation length and diameter. Actuation force when pressurized with water is slightly greater than with air. Both air and water-pressurized actuation force and strain decrease significantly when segment length is less than a minimum critical length. Closed valve actuator stiffness (modulus) of actuators at full length, when pressurized with an incompressible fluid is up to 60× greater than the open valve stiffness of the same actuator. Air-filled RMAs with equal parameters only see a 10× increase. Incompressible fluid-filled RMAs have great potential to provide needed high actuation forces within adaptive material systems. Design guidelines are given to aid additional RMA use.

A Review of Geosynthetic Liner System Technology

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Fluet ◽  
K. Badu-Tweneboah ◽  
A. Khatami
Keyword(s):  
Systems Design ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Chemical Attack ◽  
Liner System

This paper presents a general review of geosynthetic liner systems design considerations. The paper emphasizes the fundamental differences between a liner and a liner system, discusses the types of liner systems that are effective in landfill applications, and discusses how the components of a liner system may vary depending on the type of application, regulatory requirements, site hydrogeologic and climatic conditions, and the availability of materials. Regarding regulatory considerations, the paper discusses how liner systems must be selected and designed in conformance with regulatory performance standards in order to ensure long-term protection of the environment, and notes that many American state regulations for municipal waste landfills include minimum design guidelines that may be inadequate to meet the state's performance standards. The two aspects of chemical compatibility—retention and resistance to chemical attack—are discussed, and a generalized approach to designing geosynthetic liner systems is presented. The paper concludes with a discussion on future needs of the discipline and the industry.

Design concepts of low-frequency electromagnetic devices based on a data-driven approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1374-1385
Author(s):  
Vahid Ghorbanian ◽  
Mohammad Hossain Mohammadi ◽  
David Lowther
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Electromagnetic Devices ◽  
Data Driven Approach

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a data-driven approach to determine the design guidelines for low-frequency electromagnetic devices.Design/methodology/approachTwo different devices, a core-type single-phase transformer and a motor-drive system, are used to show the usefulness and generalizability of the proposed approach. Using a finite element solver, a large database of design possibilities is created by varying design parameters, i.e. the geometrical and control parameters of the systems. Design rules are then extracted by performing a statistical analysis and exploring optimal and sub-optimal designs considering various targets such as efficiency, torque ripple and power factor.FindingsIt is demonstrated that the correlation of the design parameters influences the way the data-driven approach must be made. Also, guidelines for defining new design constraints, which can lead to a more efficient optimization routine, are introduced for both case studies.Originality/valueUsing the proposed approach, new design guidelines, which are generally not obtainable by the classical design methods, are introduced. Also, the proposed approach can potentially deal with different parameter–objective correlations, as well as different number of connected systems. This approach is applicable regardless of the device type.

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