Frequency-dependent Attenuation of High-frequency P and S Waves in the Upper Crust in Western Nagano, Japan

1998 ◽  
pp. 489-502
Author(s):  
Kazuo Yoshimoto ◽  
Haruo Sato ◽  
Yoshihisa Iio ◽  
Hisao Ito ◽  
Takao Ohminato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
S Waves

Frequency-dependent Attenuation of High-frequency P and S Waves in the Upper Crust in Western Nagano, Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 153 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 489-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yoshimoto ◽  
H. Sato ◽  
Y. Iio ◽  
H. Ito ◽  
T. Ohminato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
S Waves

Seismic effects of the MILROW and CANNIKIN nuclear explosions

1972 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Engdahl
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Test Site ◽  
High Gain ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Seismic Effects ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Nuclear Explosions

abstract Seismic effects of the underground nuclear explosions MILROW (October 1969, about 1 megaton) and CANNIKIN (November 1971, under 5 megatons) were monitored by a network of continuously recording, high-frequency, high-gain seismographs located on Amchitka and nearby islands. Each explosion was immediately followed by hundreds of small, discrete events (mB < 4), of similar focal mechanism and with a characteristic low-frequency signature, which were apparently related to the deterioration of the explosion cavity. This activity intensified, then terminated within minutes of a large, complex multiple event and concurrent formation of a surface subsided area that signaled complete collapse of the explosion cavity (MILROW, 37 hr; CANNIKIN, 38 hr). A number of small explosion-stimulated tectonic events, apparently unrelated to the collapse phenomenon, occurred intermittently for several weeks following each explosion—near the explosion cavity and up to 13 km southeast of CANNIKIN ground zero along the Island. These events were confined to the upper crust of the Island, had characteristic high-frequency signatures, and, near the Rifle Range Fault, had focal mechanisms which could be correlated with pre-existing faulting. The evidence points to a short-term interaction of the explosions with local ambient tectonic stresses. Because these stresses are of relatively low level on Amchitka, the observed seismic effects were significantly less extensive and smaller than similar effects reported from high-yield explosions at the Nevada Test Site. Continuous monitoring of the natural seismicity of the Amchitka region since 1969 has not revealed other evidence for an interaction between either MILROW or CANNIKIN and natural tectonic processes. The structural stability and apparent low level of stress in the upper crust of Amchitka suggest that the Island effectively is seismically decoupled from the active subduction zone below.

Attenuation of High Frequency P and S Waves in the Gujarat Region, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumer Chopra ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
B. K. Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
S Waves

scholarly journals A Parametric Study on the Immunomodulatory Effects of Electroacupuncture in DNP-KLH Immunized Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Kwang Kim ◽  
Youngseop Lee ◽  
Hyunjoo Cho ◽  
Sungtae Koo ◽  
Sun Mi Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Study ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Th2 Cytokines ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
The Difference

This study was conducted to compare the effects of low frequency electroacupuncture (EA) and high frequency EA at acupoint ST36 on the production of IgE and Th1/Th2 cytokines in BALB/c mice that had been immunized with 2,4-dinitrophenylated keyhole limpet protein (DNP-KLH), as well as to investigate the difference in the immunomodulatory effects exerted by EA stimulations at acupoint ST36 and at a non-acupoint (tail). Female BALB/c mice were divided into seven groups: normal (no treatments), IM (immunization only), ST36-PA (IM + plain acupuncture at ST36), ST36-LEA (IM + low frequency (1 Hz) EA at ST36), ST36-HEA (IM + high frequency (120 Hz) EA at ST36), NA-LEA (IM + low frequency (1 Hz) EA at non-acupoint) and NA-HEA (IM + high frequency (120 Hz) EA at non-acupoint). EA stimulation was performed daily for two weeks, and total IgE, DNP-KLH specific IgE, IL-4 and IFN-γlevels were measured at the end of the experiment. The results of this study showed that the IgE and IL-4 levels were significantly suppressed in the ST36-LEA and ST36-HEA groups, but not in the NA-LEA and NA-HEA groups. However, there was little difference in the immunomodulatory effects observed in the ST36-LEA and ST36-HEA groups. Taken together, these results suggest that EA stimulation-induced immunomodulation is not frequency dependent, but that it is acupoint specific.

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