Hypogene Caves in Germany, Geological and Geochemical Background

2017 ◽  
pp. 329-347
Author(s):  
Stephan Kempe ◽  
Ingo Bauer ◽  
Stefan Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Geochemical Background

Pedo-geochemical background and sediment contamination of metal(loid)s in the old mining-district of Salsigne (Orbiel valley, France)

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 132111
Author(s):  
Gauthier Delplace ◽  
Jérôme Viers ◽  
Eva Schreck ◽  
Priscia Oliva ◽  
Philippe Behra
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Contamination ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Geochemical Background

scholarly journals The influence of Fe(III) and Mn(IV) on the biotransformation of hydrocarbons in groundwater

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
N. K. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Amur River Basin ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Amur River ◽  
Kinetic Factor ◽  
Microbiological Processes

According to the thermodynamic ladder, microorganisms in groundwater use electron acceptors consistently – for transformation of pollution from the pollution plume edge to its core. However, some researchers come to the conclusion that only methanogenic biotransformation of pollution or reduction of Fe(III) and Mn(IV) from the solid phase can occur in the plume, and due to the kinetic factor microorganisms use electron acceptors from the aqueous phase (O2, NO3- и SO42-) only on the edge of the pollution plume. The purpose of the research was to determine whether microorganisms use Fe(III) and Mn(IV) as acceptors of electrons for hydrocarbons transformation in groundwater in the northern part of the Middle Heilongjiang-Amur River basin aquifer. In the study area, both lenses of petroleum-hydrocarbons (non-aqueous phase liquids) on the surface of groundwater (up to 2.5 m) and high concentrations of dissolved hydrocarbons (up to 1000 mg/l) are noted. Microbiological processes were assessed in situ by the method of geochemical indicators. The most active biogeochemical processes occurred during the spring-summer rise of groundwater level. The seasonal increasing of level led to the entry of Fe(III) and Mn(IV) into the pollution plume and activation of the microbiological processes of its reduction. Microorganisms mostly use electron acceptors from the solid phase – Fe(III) and Mn(IV), but not NO3, SO42 from the aqueous phase. This is confirmed by the close correlation of HCO3- formation and that of Fe(II) and Mn(II) in groundwater (r2 up to 0.93). This says that for the groundwater self-purification the kinetic factor rather than thermodynamic one is decisive; and microorganisms use electron acceptors that are currently available. As a result of microbiological pollution destruction, the content of Fe(II) in groundwater increased up to 100 mg/l, Mn (II) – up to 16 mg/l, which exceeds the natural background 4 and 8 times, respectively. This was also because the regional geochemical background of the study area (Amur River basin) forms Fe and Mn.

Geochemical background and contamination level assessment in Tunisian and Moroccan Mediterranean coastal lagoon sediments

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1201-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joëlle Duplay ◽  
Khadija Semhi ◽  
Mohamed Karim Bloundi ◽  
Slim Khedhiri ◽  
Rabia Ben Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Lagoon ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Lagoon Sediments ◽  
Mediterranean Coastal Lagoon

Evaluation of geochemical background levels around sulfide mines – A new statistical procedure with beanplots

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Gustavsson ◽  
K. Loukola-Ruskeeniemi ◽  
M. Tenhola
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Procedure ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Background Levels

scholarly journals Ecological Indices of the Heavy Metals in the Soil of Shewasoor Sub-Basin, Kirkuk NE Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Jamal Akbar ◽  
Omer Sabah Al-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Ecological Indices ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Contamination Levels

The current research aimed to assess contamination levels in the soil of study area by heavy metals. Eight sites were selected for the collection of soil samples. The eight heavy metals namely As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn were analyzed in each soil samples by using ICP-MS technology. The measured concentrations of heavy metals were compared with Geochemical Background values, EPA Sediment Quality Guidelines, Ecological Screening values, and WHO Guidelines. The spatial distribution maps of ecological indices were performed using ArcGIS software (version 10.2), which provides an idea of the geographical distribution of heavy metals contamination levels in the soil of Shewasoor sub-basin. The soil contamination by heavy metals assessed using Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), Nemerow Pollution Index (P_N), Hazard Index (HI), and Cancer Risk. The RI showed there are high risk of heavy metals in soil and according to P_N the soil has been moderate to severely contaminated by heavy metals. The hazard index of all soil samples was within acceptable range for adults and showed unacceptable risk for children. While the total cancer risk values of As and Cr were within acceptable limits, whereas of Pb, Cd, Co, and Ni were lower than acceptable risk range at all sites for adults and children. Ecological indices which are used to assess the contamination levels in the soil by heavy metals refers to the soil of study area was contaminated moderate to heavily by heavy metals, this attributed to the natural and anthropogenic pollution sources around and within the study area.

Transferability of heavy metal(loid)s from karstic soils with high geochemical background to peanut seeds

2022 ◽  
pp. 118819
Author(s):  
Qiong Yang ◽  
Zhongfang Yang ◽  
Qizuan Zhang ◽  
Wenbing Ji ◽  
Dong-Xing Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Geochemical Background

Research of plastic ice, mineral formations and air of multi-frozen karst cave Heetey in Transbaikalia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
I. Zheleznyak ◽  
◽  
S. Tsyrenzhapov ◽  
А. Gurulev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Karst Cave ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Internal Cavities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Microwave Radiometers ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Heetey caves (“cold” and “warm”) which are located in the southern part of the permafrost in the Transbaikal Region have been chosen as the object of the research in the article. The subject is the physical and chemical parameters of the object. The results of the research in the “cold” Heetey cave are given in more detail. The following methods of this object research were chosen: study of the chemical composition of cave air using a chromatograph; radar survey of the cave grotto in the centimeter range; measurement of its own radio-thermal radiation using microwave radiometers. As a result of the research, the following results were obtained. The article provides information on the natural conditions that determine the dependence of the state of natural environments in the Heetey karst caves. The characteristics of occurrence and composition conditions of the natural environments of a karst cave (geological, cryogenic, atmospheric, groundwater) are given, taking into account the cryogenesis of their formation, transformation and influence on the cave air composition. A description of a rare low-temperature mineral, aragonite, which was first discovered in the cave and which is transformed into calcite over time is described. It is shown that the ice cover at the bottom of the cave has a layered structure, which is due to the seasonal ingress of surface water into the cave. The results of measurements of the surface air composition above the rocks’ surface and in caves, namely the content of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, explosive gases – methane and hydrogen, mercury vapors are presented. A previously unknown fact of an increased geochemical background of radon concentration has been established. The most probable reasons for the formation and increased background of radon concentration are indicated. Microwave radiometric measurements have shown that there has been warming inside the cave over the past decade. This fact is associated with a general warming of the climate in Transbaikalia, as well as with an increase in the number of visits to caves by unorganized tourists. With the use of a 10 GHz nanosecond radar, hidden internal cavities were discovered in the roof of the cave, which can further lead to its destruction. The prints on the walls of the cave (in its lower part) show that the level of the ice sheet in 2015 is lower than its maximum level (1990) by 10 cm, which corresponds to a loss of ice volume of 12...15 m3 per year

Mapping of Estimated Geochemical Background Values of Some Harmful Metals in Soils of Santiago Island (Cape Verde Archipelago)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina M.S. Cabral Pinto ◽  
Eduardo A. Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Maria M.V.G. Silva ◽  
Paulo Melo-Goncalves ◽  
Regla V.A. Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cape Verde ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Santiago Island
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