Industry 4.0 (or 4<sup>th</sup> industrial
revolution) facilitates horizontal and vertical digital information flow along
value chains up to the end-customer and is highly relevant in a broad variety
of industries. Augmented reality (AR) is a key technology in Industry 4.0,
which connects the virtual and real-world environments using such digital
information flows. In doing so, the technology relies upon the systems that
includes hardware and software components. Particularly, optics and photonics
are of much importance in the display and processing of information in these systems.
However, a particular challenge is that the AR-based systems have not been
adopted in the industry as much as other technologies even after several
decades of their existence. Based on review of academic literature, an
industrial survey and experiments conducted in the industry, this article aims
to identify success factors and challenges of AR systems and metrics of
photonic components that can form the basis of an AR* framework for photonics-based
system design for future research.
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Augmented Reality: Focusing on Photonics in Industry 4.0