Systemic Approach to Failure Analysis: A Study of Sociotechnical Organization

The paper is an attempt to explore systemic approach to accidents analysis within sociotechnical organization. Unsafe behaviors can result in systemic failures and accidents. The research data came from within an industrial radiography organization where radiation source is used to detect cracks or hidden flaws within machinery and welding joints. The radioactive source can cause severe detrimental effects, even death, if not used safely. This paper is on two isolated events happen in the same company, Industrial Services Private Limited (not real name). The company top management was dealing with the financial crisis and to maintain quality of its services and the safety of staff. The leadership of the company made several business and operational decisions to manage the financial crisis. During that time, several near miss incidents took place, but the first major incident took place when the radiography gamma projector, along with the radioactive source, fallen out of the vehicle because of improper back door closure of the vehicle. In the second incident, the radioactive source remained unshielded after a radiography job, this caused overexposure to radiography workers. The paper provides an opportunity to understand how an organization’s leadership can create conditions for errors and mistakes that result in poor safety culture and ultimately the accident which resulted the system failure and operation shutdown. The paper also tries to propose a conceptual framework to improve safety culture within the sociotechnical systems for the future research in this area.

Key Factors for Measuring Value Co-Creation in the Industrial Service Ecosystem

Managing and measuring value co-creation in industrial services are emerging themes from the perspective of industry and scientific research. Thus, this chapter aims to review the literature in order to identify the criteria for value co-creation management and measuring used to measure value co-creation in the industrial service ecosystem. To achieve this goal, the authors conducted a systematic literature review and a content analysis of the portfolio resulting from the review. Based on the findings, eight criteria were listed for managing value co-creation in the B2B (business-to-business) services sector. In addition, they identified a lack of limited integration and interdependence between the criteria shown in the literature for cooperative service management among companies.

Free-to-Fee Transformation of Industrial Services

Industrial firms venturing into services is a common phenomenon in B2B markets. However, companies are often unable to monetize many such services, thus incurring high costs of service provision without benefiting from revenue generation in return. To address this critical but little-studied problem, we investigate how industrial firms can transform existing free services into for-fee offerings. Employing a theories-in-use approach, we explore leading global firms via a cross-section of B2B industries, including automotive, maritime, material handling, medical equipment, mining and construction tools, and petrochemicals. Contingent on the empirics, we precisely characterize and define free industrial services. Based on the internal and external challenges that firms face in free-to-fee (F2F) transformations, we develop a typology classifying free services into four distinct categories: Front-runners, Tugs of War, In-house Shackles, and Dead Ends. For each category, we provide empirical illustrations and identify critical actions and activities that firms deploy to successfully implement F2F transformations along the dimensions of structures, processes, people, and rewards. Thus, we offer guidance on how to overcome both external and internal challenges. Our findings demonstrate that F2F transformations of industrial services are not isolated marketing, sales, or pricing activities but require a concerted effort among all organizational functions involved.

Hydropower in Russia: Case Study on Hydrological Management of the Volga-Kama Cascade

The capacity of hydroelectric power plants (HPPs) in the Russian Federation (RF) exceeds 50 GW. It is about 20% of the total capacity of all power plants in the country. The Volga River basin is the biggest in Europe with the catchment area of 1 360 000 km2. It covers the most populated and most industrialized part of the European Russia. The largest cascade of reservoirs in Russia and Europe is the Volga-Kama cascade (VKC) constructed in 1930–1980. It consists of 12 great water reservoirs and HPPs with total capacity about 12 GW. The main peculiarity for the VKC management is the combination of different requirements by various economy sectors: safety, energy, navigation, water needs for domestic and industrial services, agriculture and fishery, recreation and ecological rules. These sectors often make conflicting demands for the VKC operation. The VKC management principle is to balance and satisfy all of them taking into account the changing climate and economical effectiveness. Modern decisions for the VKC management are based on two principles. First is the constant optimization of the whole VKC management rules, taking into account both climate change and the Strategy of the country development. The second is the constant technical modernization of the VKC equipment to achieve the best economical effectiveness and safety for ecosystems and population.

Perspektif Islam Dalam Hukum Industri Di Indonesia

In the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 3 of 2014 concerning industri "Industry is all forms of economic activity that processes raw materials and/or utilizes industrial resources so as to produce goods that have added value or higher benefits, including industrial services". Industry is a branch of the economy whose rate of productivity development is faster than the development of the overall productivity level of the economic branch. So its role in creating production and creating jobs is certainly bigger than all branches of the economy. Humans are legal subjects as well as unique and prospective economic actors, with the development of all needs from all industrial sectors as Muslims are required to be within the framework of sharia rules, namely halal and ethical frameworks, namely thayib. So Islam is here to help develop the halal industri, especially in Indonesia so that it becomes a high economic value and is also profitable because it is based on sharia.

Attack and Anomaly Detection in IoT Networks using Machine Learning Techniques: A Review

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of today's most rapidly growing technologies. It is a technology that allows billions of smart devices or objects known as "Things" to collect different types of data about themselves and their surroundings using various sensors. They may then share it with the authorized parties for various purposes, including controlling and monitoring industrial services or increasing business services or functions. However, the Internet of Things currently faces more security threats than ever before. Machine Learning (ML) has observed a critical technological breakthrough, which has opened several new research avenues to solve current and future IoT challenges. However, Machine Learning is a powerful technology to identify threats and suspected activities in intelligent devices and networks. In this paper, various ML algorithms have been compared in terms of attack detection and anomaly detection, following a thorough literature review on Machine Learning methods and the significance of IoT security in the context of various types of potential attacks. Furthermore, possible ML-based IoT protection technologies have been introduced.

BUSINESS MODELS DIGITALIZATION OF ENTERPRISES BELARUSIAN INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX: DIRECTIONS, RISKS AND TOOLS

The article is devoted to the study of business models digitalization of the national industrial complex on the example of the Republic of Belarus. Considering the business models digitalization as an integral part of digital transformation, following the production and industrial services digitalization, the author substantiates the need, when choosing new digital technologies introduced into production, to take into account their impact on the transformation of business models. As a promising direction for improving the business models digitalization of the Belarusian industrial complex enterprises, the author highlighted the expansion of the functional use of digital platforms to attract additional resources and competencies of partners, establish direct contacts with consumers, obtain information about the state of the market and quickly exit to international markets. Taking this into account, as well as the potential risks of business models digitalization (risks of cyber attacks, risks of technological dependence, risks of supply shortages, risks of data redundancy, risks of losing critical skills, risks of monopolization, risks of economic security), the author proposed practical recommendations for the development of digitalization of enterprises of the national industrial complex of the Republic of Belarus.

Regional Government Readiness in Dealing with The Eras of Industri 4.0 Revolution in Industrial Department of Mojokerto City East Java

The purpose of this study was to determine the readiness of local governments in facing the 4.0 revolution era in the fields of human resources, infrastructure, and organizational management. Because the world is now deepening the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 where information technology has become the basis in human life. The impact of industrial relocation is an intensive and massive automation application that changes digital work requirements. Human Resources who do not master digital literacy will sooner or later be eliminated. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach in solving problems in the field. The results of this study are that the readiness of local governments in terms of Human Resources, Organizational Management, the means of the inscription in the Mojokerto City Industrial Services with the AGIL Pearson theory approach at a sufficiently good level using the benchmarks of adaptation, goal achievement, integration and latency

Top management service commitment and new product development in manufacturing firms: the moderating role of dysfunctional competition

Purpose This paper aims to investigate how top management service commitment (TSC) affects two dimensions of new product development (NPD), speed and product innovativeness, and to examine how dysfunctional competition moderates the effects in emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 151 high-tech manufacturing firms in China. In one firm, two different top managers were surveyed to reduce the common method variance. The authors used the seemingly unrelated regression approach to test the hypotheses. Findings First, TSC negatively influences product innovativeness, an effect that dysfunctional competition attenuates. Second, despite not being significantly positive as hypothesized, the direct effect of TSC on NPD speed remains positive when dysfunctional competition is high rather than low. Third, the findings reveal that product innovativeness increases firm performance, but NPD speed shows no similar effect. Practical implications First, top managers should pay attention to the synergistic effect between industrial services and product businesses. Second, manufacturing firms in developing countries need to implement servitization when facing unlawful competitive behaviors. Originality/value In literature, the effect of industrial services on NPD is unclear. The present study enriches literature by connecting servitization with NPD and by focusing on the importance of top managers to the implementation of servitization. In addition, the authors extend the servitization literature to emerging economies and thereby provide significant insights into this context.