Genomic and Evolutionary Perspectives on Sulfur Metabolism in Green Sulfur Bacteria

2008 ◽  
pp. 60-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels-Ulrik Frigaard ◽  
Donald A. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Green Sulfur ◽  
Evolutionary Perspectives

scholarly journals Function, Structure, and Evolution of the RubisCO-Like Proteins and Their RubisCO Homologs

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Robert Tabita ◽  
Thomas E. Hanson ◽  
Huiying Li ◽  
Sriram Satagopan ◽  
Jaya Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Salvage Pathway ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Ultimate Source ◽  
Green Sulfur ◽  
Catalytic Mechanisms ◽  
The Many ◽  
Coherent Picture

SUMMARY About 30 years have now passed since it was discovered that microbes synthesize RubisCO molecules that differ from the typical plant paradigm. RubisCOs of forms I, II, and III catalyze CO2 fixation reactions, albeit for potentially different physiological purposes, while the RubisCO-like protein (RLP) (form IV RubisCO) has evolved, thus far at least, to catalyze reactions that are important for sulfur metabolism. RubisCO is the major global CO2 fixation catalyst, and RLP is a somewhat related protein, exemplified by the fact that some of the latter proteins, along with RubisCO, catalyze similar enolization reactions as a part of their respective catalytic mechanisms. RLP in some organisms catalyzes a key reaction of a methionine salvage pathway, while in green sulfur bacteria, RLP plays a role in oxidative thiosulfate metabolism. In many organisms, the function of RLP is unknown. Indeed, there now appear to be at least six different clades of RLP molecules found in nature. Consideration of the many RubisCO (forms I, II, and III) and RLP (form IV) sequences in the database has subsequently led to a coherent picture of how these proteins may have evolved, with a form III RubisCO arising from the Methanomicrobia as the most likely ultimate source of all RubisCO and RLP lineages. In addition, structure-function analyses of RLP and RubisCO have provided information as to how the active sites of these proteins have evolved for their specific functions.

scholarly journals Mechanisms and Evolution of Oxidative Sulfur Metabolism in Green Sulfur Bacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea H. Gregersen ◽  
Donald A. Bryant ◽  
Niels-Ulrik Frigaard
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Green Sulfur

scholarly journals Signature pigments of green sulfur bacteria in lower Pleistocene deposits from the Banyoles lacustrine area (Spain)

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mallorquí ◽  
J.B. Arellano ◽  
C.M. Borrego ◽  
L.J. Garcia-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Lower Pleistocene ◽  
Green Sulfur

scholarly journals Differential RNA Sequencing Implicates Sulfide as the Master Regulator of S 0 Metabolism in Chlorobaculum tepidum and Other Green Sulfur Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob M. Hilzinger ◽  
Vidhyavathi Raman ◽  
Kevin E. Shuman ◽  
Brian J. Eddie ◽  
Thomas E. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Promoter Elements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Chlorobaculum Tepidum ◽  
Green Sulfur

ABSTRACT The green sulfur bacteria ( Chlorobiaceae ) are anaerobes that use electrons from reduced sulfur compounds (sulfide, S 0 , and thiosulfate) as electron donors for photoautotrophic growth. Chlorobaculum tepidum , the model system for the Chlorobiaceae , both produces and consumes extracellular S 0 globules depending on the availability of sulfide in the environment. These physiological changes imply significant changes in gene regulation, which has been observed when sulfide is added to Cba. tepidum growing on thiosulfate. However, the underlying mechanisms driving these gene expression changes, i.e., the specific regulators and promoter elements involved, have not yet been defined. Here, differential RNA sequencing (dRNA-seq) was used to globally identify transcript start sites (TSS) that were present during growth on sulfide, biogenic S 0 , and thiosulfate as sole electron donors. TSS positions were used in combination with RNA-seq data from cultures growing on these same electron donors to identify both basal promoter elements and motifs associated with electron donor-dependent transcriptional regulation. These motifs were conserved across homologous Chlorobiaceae promoters. Two lines of evidence suggest that sulfide-mediated repression is the dominant regulatory mode in Cba. tepidum . First, motifs associated with genes regulated by sulfide overlap key basal promoter elements. Second, deletion of the Cba. tepidum 1277 ( CT1277 ) gene, encoding a putative regulatory protein, leads to constitutive overexpression of the sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase CT1087 in the absence of sulfide. The results suggest that sulfide is the master regulator of sulfur metabolism in Cba. tepidum and the Chlorobiaceae . Finally, the identification of basal promoter elements with differing strengths will further the development of synthetic biology in Cba. tepidum and perhaps other Chlorobiaceae . IMPORTANCE Elemental sulfur is a key intermediate in biogeochemical sulfur cycling. The photoautotrophic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum either produces or consumes elemental sulfur depending on the availability of sulfide in the environment. Our results reveal transcriptional dynamics of Chlorobaculum tepidum on elemental sulfur and increase our understanding of the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation governing growth on different reduced sulfur compounds. This report identifies genes and sequence motifs that likely play significant roles in the production and consumption of elemental sulfur. Beyond this focused impact, this report paves the way for the development of synthetic biology in Chlorobaculum tepidum and other Chlorobiaceae by providing a comprehensive identification of promoter elements for control of gene expression, a key element of strain engineering.

Linearly polarized light absorption spectra of chlorosomes, light-harvesting antennas of photosynthetic green sulfur bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 484 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Tamiaki ◽  
Shingo Tateishi ◽  
Shosuke Nakabayashi ◽  
Yutaka Shibata ◽  
Shigeru Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Green Sulfur

Computational determination of the pigment binding motif in the chlorosome protein a of green sulfur bacteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Á. Kovács ◽  
William P. Bricker ◽  
Dariusz M. Niedzwiedzki ◽  
Peter F. Colletti ◽  
Cynthia S. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Protein A ◽  
Green Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Green Sulfur
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