A Finite Mixture Approach to Uncover the Heterogeneity in the Relationship Between Visit Motivation and Activity Preferences

2012 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Catarina Marques ◽  
Elizabeth Reis ◽  
João Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Activity Preferences ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Preservation of phase-type distributions under Poisson shock models

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manoharan ◽  
Harshinder Singh ◽  
Neeraj Misra
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Life Distribution ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Shock Models ◽  
Phase Type ◽  
Phase Type Distributions ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, we consider the life distribution H(t) of a device subject to shocks governed by a finite mixture of homogeneous Poisson processes. It will be shown that if (pk ), the probabilities that the device fails on the kth shock, has a discrete phase-type (DPH) distribution, then H(t) is continuous phase-type (CPH). The relationship between the mean values of (pk ) and H(t) is established.

scholarly journals ANALISIS STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING PENDEKATAN PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE DAN PENGELOMPOKAN DENGAN FINITE MIXTURE PLS (FIMIX-PLS) (Studi Kasus: Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga di Indonesia 2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Esta Dewi Anggita ◽  
Abdul Hoyyi ◽  
Agus Rusgiyono
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Poverty is a complex and multidimensional problem that links several dimensions. Statistical method that can explain the relationship between one latent variable with others is Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The purpose of this study is to create a structural model of the relationship between education, health, economy and poverty in Indonesia in 2017 by using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square approach (SEM-PLS) based on predetermined indicators with the results of 11 valid indicators. Based on the model obtained, health has a significant positive effect on education, health and education have a significant positive effect on the economy and the economy has a significant negative effect on poverty. Segmentation based on the relationship of latent variables in structural models can be overcome by Finite Mixture Partial Least Square (FIMIX-PLS) so that it can identify poverty areas in each province in Indonesia with more homogeneous characteristics. The best segmentation result is number of segments (K) = 2 obtained based on the criteria of AIC, BIC, CAIC and Normed Entropy (EN) with an EN value of 0.964 which means the quality of segment separation is very good. Papua and West Papua provinces form one segment in segment 2, while 32 other provinces form one segment in segment 1.Keywords: Poverty, Structural Equation Modelling, Partial Least Square, Finite Mixture, Segmentation.

scholarly journals ANTECEDENTS OF ONLINE PURCHASE INTENTION AND BEHAVIOUR: UNCOVERING UNOBSERVED HETEROGENEITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Silva ◽  
José Carlos Pinho ◽  
Ana Soares ◽  
Elisabete Sá
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Online Purchase ◽  
The Relationship

The paper aims at exploring the antecedents of customers’ online purchase intention and behaviour, and at uncovering sources of heterogeneity. A sample of customers was surveyed to measure perceived risk and benefits, trust, online purchase intention and behaviour. The study confirmed the causal chain of perceived risks-trust-perceived benefits-online purchase intention-actual purchase. A Finite Mixture Partial Least Squares (FIMIX-PLS) was performed to uncover sources of heterogeneity. It found that the level of security of the payment methods is relevant to understand the relationship between purchase intention and behaviour, while the level of previous experience with the online medium clarifies the relationship between perceived risk and trust. The study contributes to understanding the antecedents of online purchase intention and their relationship with actual purchase behaviour. Additionally, it offers evidence of heterogeneity in the proposed causal relations, particularly, concerning the level of trust in the payment methods and the level of Internet experience.

scholarly journals Preservation of phase-type distributions under Poisson shock models

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manoharan ◽  
Harshinder Singh ◽  
Neeraj Misra
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Life Distribution ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Shock Models ◽  
Phase Type ◽  
Phase Type Distributions ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, we consider the life distribution H(t) of a device subject to shocks governed by a finite mixture of homogeneous Poisson processes. It will be shown that if (pk), the probabilities that the device fails on the kth shock, has a discrete phase-type (DPH) distribution, then H(t) is continuous phase-type (CPH). The relationship between the mean values of (pk) and H(t) is established.

scholarly journals The use of finite mixture models to examine the serum 25(OH)D levels among Saudis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260748
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al-Sumaih ◽  
Michael Donnelly ◽  
Ciaran O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Mixture Models ◽  
Finite Mixture Models ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Latent Classes ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
The Relationship

Background Recorded serum 25(OH)D in survey data varies with observed and unobserved respondent characteristics. The aim of this study was to expose latent population sub-groups and examine variation across groups regarding relationships between serum 25(OH)D and observable characteristics. Methods This study explored the role of unobserved heterogeneity on associations between surveyed 25(OH)D and various factors using a sample (n = 2,641) extracted from the Saudi Health Interview Survey (2013). Linear regression and finite mixture models (FMM) were estimated and compared. The number of latent classes in the FMM was chosen based on BIC score. Result Three latent classes were identified. Class I (39.82%), class II (41.03%), and class III (19.15%) with mean 25(OH)D levels of 22.79, 34.88, and 57.45 ng/ml respectively. Distinct patterns of associations with nutrition, behaviour and socio-demographic variables were recorded across classes that were not revealed in pooled linear regression. Conclusion FMM has the potential to provide additional insights on the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and observable characteristics. It should be more widely considered as a method of investigation in this area.

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

Tinkering with cognitive gadgets: Cultural evolutionary psychology meets active inference

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Benjamin Badcock ◽  
Axel Constant ◽  
Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Active Inference ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Cognitive Faculties ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cognitive Gadgets offers a new, convincing perspective on the origins of our distinctive cognitive faculties, coupled with a clear, innovative research program. Although we broadly endorse Heyes’ ideas, we raise some concerns about her characterisation of evolutionary psychology and the relationship between biology and culture, before discussing the potential fruits of examining cognitive gadgets through the lens of active inference.

Radiation Damage, Contrast and Statistics in High Resolution Biological Electron Microscopy

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Particle Flux ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Resolution Image ◽  
High Resolution Image ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Counting Statistics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Picture Element

It is well known that a large flux of electrons must pass through a specimen in order to obtain a high resolution image while a smaller particle flux is satisfactory for a low resolution image. The minimum particle flux that is required depends upon the contrast in the image and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio at which the data are considered acceptable. For a given S/N associated with statistical fluxtuations, the relationship between contrast and “counting statistics” is s131_eqn1, where C = contrast; r2 is the area of a picture element corresponding to the resolution, r; N is the number of electrons incident per unit area of the specimen; f is the fraction of electrons that contribute to formation of the image, relative to the total number of electrons incident upon the object.

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