Calcium, Glucose Transport and Insulin Action

1977 ◽  
pp. 481-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Clausen
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Insulin Action

scholarly journals Effect of Insulin on Proximal Tubules Handling of Glucose: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Pereira-Moreira ◽  
Elza Muscelli
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Renal Gluconeogenesis

Renal proximal tubules reabsorb glucose from the glomerular filtrate and release it back into the circulation. Modulation of glomerular filtration and renal glucose disposal are some of the insulin actions, but little is known about a possible insulin effect on tubular glucose reabsorption. This review is aimed at synthesizing the current knowledge about insulin action on glucose handling by proximal tubules. Method. A systematic article selection from Medline (PubMed) and Embase between 2008 and 2019. 180 selected articles were clustered into topics (renal insulin handling, proximal tubule glucose transport, renal gluconeogenesis, and renal insulin resistance). Summary of Results. Insulin upregulates its renal uptake and degradation, and there is probably a renal site-specific insulin action and resistance; studies in diabetic animal models suggest that insulin increases renal SGLT2 protein content; in vivo human studies on glucose transport are few, and results of glucose transporter protein and mRNA contents are conflicting in human kidney biopsies; maximum renal glucose reabsorptive capacity is higher in diabetic patients than in healthy subjects; glucose stimulates SGLT1, SGLT2, and GLUT2 in renal cell cultures while insulin raises SGLT2 protein availability and activity and seems to directly inhibit the SGLT1 activity despite it activating this transporter indirectly. Besides, insulin regulates SGLT2 inhibitor bioavailability, inhibits renal gluconeogenesis, and interferes with Na+K+ATPase activity impacting on glucose transport. Conclusion. Available data points to an important insulin participation in renal glucose handling, including tubular glucose transport, but human studies with reproducible and comparable method are still needed.

Insulin Action on Glucose Transport in Isolated Skeletal Muscle from Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Johansson ◽  
L. S. Eriksson ◽  
D. Galuska ◽  
J. R. Zierath ◽  
H. Wallberg-henriksson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Insulin Action

Adenosine effects upon insulin action on lipolysis and glucose transport in human adipocytes

1995 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Heseltine ◽  
Judith M. Webster ◽  
Roy Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Human Adipocytes

Effects of a unique conjugate of α-lipoic acid and γ-linolenic acid on insulin action in obese Zucker rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. R453-R459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Anthony Peth ◽  
Tyson R. Kinnick ◽  
Erik B. Youngblood ◽  
Hans J. Tritschler ◽  
Erik J. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

The purpose of this study was to assess the individual and interactive effects of the antioxidant α-lipoic acid (LPA) and the n-6 essential fatty acid γ-linolenic acid (GLA) on insulin action in insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats. LPA, GLA, and a unique conjugate consisting of equimolar parts of LPA and GLA (LPA-GLA) were administered for 14 days at 10, 30, or 50 mg ⋅ kg body wt− 1 ⋅ day− 1. Whereas LPA was without effect at 10 mg/kg, at 30 and 50 mg/kg it elicited 23% reductions ( P < 0.05) in the glucose-insulin index (the product of glucose and insulin areas under the curve during an oral glucose tolerance test and an index of peripheral insulin action) that were associated with significant increases in insulin-mediated (2 mU/ml) glucose transport activity in isolated epitrochlearis (63–65%) and soleus (33–41%) muscles. GLA at 10 and 30 mg/kg caused 21–25% reductions in the glucose-insulin index and 23–35% improvements in insulin-mediated glucose transport in epitrochlearis muscle. The beneficial effects of GLA disappeared at 50 mg/kg. At 10 and 30 mg/kg, the LPA-GLA conjugate elicited 29 and 38% reductions in the glucose-insulin index. These LPA-GLA-induced improvements in whole body insulin action were accompanied by 28–63 and 38–57% increases in insulin-mediated glucose transport in epitrochlearis and soleus muscles and resulted from the additive effects of LPA and GLA. At 50 mg/kg, the metabolic improvements due to LPA-GLA were substantially reduced. In summary, these results indicate that the conjugate of the antioxidant LPA and the n-6 essential fatty acid GLA elicits significant dose-dependent improvements in whole body and skeletal muscle insulin action on glucose disposal in insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats. Moreover, these actions of LPA-GLA are due to the additive effects of its individual components.

Effect of purified phospholipases on glucose transport, insulin binding, and insulin action in isolated rat adipocytes

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tj. Wieringa ◽  
G. Bruin ◽  
W. P. M. Meerwijk ◽  
H. M. J. Krans
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Rat Adipocytes ◽  
Isolated Rat
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