Experiments on the Perpendicular Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Multilayers

2000 ◽  
pp. 129-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. M. Gijs
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers

Introduction of spin torques

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Spontaneous Magnetization ◽  
Magnetic Domain ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Spin Transfer Torque ◽  
Spin Transfer ◽  
Spin Angular Momentum ◽  
Spin Torques

This chapter discusses the spin-transfer effect, which is described as the transfer of the spin angular momentum between the conduction electrons and the magnetization of the ferromagnet that occurs due to the conservation of the spin angular momentum. L. Berger, who introduced the concept in 1984, considered the exchange interaction between the conduction electron and the localized magnetic moment, and predicted that a magnetic domain wall can be moved by flowing the spin current. The spin-transfer effect was brought into the limelight by the progress in microfabrication techniques and the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance effect in magnetic multilayers. Berger, at the same time, separately studied the spin-transfer torque in a system similar to Slonczewski’s magnetic multilayered system and predicted spontaneous magnetization precession.

Perpendicular giant magnetoresistance of microstructured pillars in FeCr and CoCu magnetic multilayers

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.M. Gijs ◽  
S.K.J. Lenczowski ◽  
J.B. Giesbers ◽  
R.J.M. van de Veerdonk ◽  
M.T. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers

Carbon: A bane for giant magnetoresistance magnetic multilayers

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
pp. 2943-2945 ◽  
Author(s):  
David X. Yang ◽  
Harsh Deep Chopra ◽  
B. Shashishekar ◽  
P. J. Chen ◽  
W. F. Egelhoff
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers

Temperature Effect on Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Multilayers

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Ling-yun Zhang ◽  
Guo-lin Yang ◽  
Bo-zang Li ◽  
Fu-ke Pu Fu-cho
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers

Oscillatory interlayer exchange and giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fert ◽  
A. Barthélémy ◽  
J. Childress ◽  
V. Cros ◽  
O. Durand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Interlayer Exchange

LOW-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONIC STATES AT METAL SURFACES: QUANTUM WELLS AND QUANTUM WIRES

1995 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. HIMPSEL
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Quantum Wires ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Level Shifts ◽  
Stepped Surface ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Step Edges

Several possibilities of “engineering” low-dimensional solids on the atomic scale are discussed. The electronic and magnetic structure of such materials is explored for two classes, i.e., multilayers and “wires” attached to step edges. Magnetic multilayers represent a particularly promising case, since quantum effects have macroscopic consequences. Quantization perpendicular to the layers is connected with oscillatory magnetic coupling, which in turn is important for obtaining “giant” magnetoresistance. This effect is being applied towards the fabrication of magnetoresistive reading heads for magnetically stored data. Extensions towards lateral superlattices and quantum wires are explored, where a stepped surface acts as a template. It is found that electrons can be trapped at step edges, and level shifts of the order 0.5 eV are observed for atoms adsorbed at step edges.

Magnetization configuration and potential dependence of giant magnetoresistance in magnetic multilayers

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1214-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Yun Zhang ◽  
Hong Sun ◽  
Bo-Zang Li ◽  
Fu-Cho Pu
Keyword(s):  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Potential Dependence

Perpendicular Magnetoresistance of Microstructured Pillars in Fe/Cr Magnetic Multilayers

1993 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.M. Gijs ◽  
S.K.J. Lenczowski ◽  
J.B. Giesbers
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Magnetic Multilayers ◽  
Film Plane ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Magnetoresistance Effect ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance Effect

ABSTRACTWe have fabricated pillar-like microstructures of high vacuum sputtered Fe/Cr Magnetic Multilayers and measured the giant magnetoresistance effect in the configuration where the measuring current is perpendicular to the film plane from 4.2 K to 300 K. At 4.2 K we find a magnetoresistance of 108 % for multilayers with a Fe thickness of 3 nm and a Cr thickness of 1 nm. The pronounced temperature dependence of the perpendicular magnetoresistance is studied for samples with different Cr thicknesses and tentatively explained by electron-Magnon scattering. The low-temperature data are compared with existing low-temperáture models.

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