A phosphorylation cascade in the basal ganglia of the mammalian brain: regulation by the D-1 dopamine receptor A mathematical model of known biochemical reactions

1997 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
J. W. Kebabian
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Biochemical Reactions ◽  
Phosphorylation Cascade

scholarly journals Expression of FoxP2 in the basal ganglia regulates vocal motor sequences in the adult songbird

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xiao ◽  
Devin P. Merullo ◽  
Therese M. I. Koch ◽  
Mou Cao ◽  
Marissa Co ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Vocal Development ◽  
Motor Actions

AbstractDisruption of the transcription factor FoxP2, which is enriched in the basal ganglia, impairs vocal development in humans and songbirds. The basal ganglia are important for the selection and sequencing of motor actions, but the circuit mechanisms governing accurate sequencing of learned vocalizations are unknown. Here, we show that expression of FoxP2 in the basal ganglia is vital for the fluent initiation and termination of birdsong, as well as the maintenance of song syllable sequencing in adulthood. Knockdown of FoxP2 imbalances dopamine receptor expression across striatal direct-like and indirect-like pathways, suggesting a role of dopaminergic signaling in regulating vocal motor sequencing. Confirming this prediction, we show that phasic dopamine activation, and not inhibition, during singing drives repetition of song syllables, thus also impairing fluent initiation and termination of birdsong. These findings demonstrate discrete circuit origins for the dysfluent repetition of vocal elements in songbirds, with implications for speech disorders.

D1/D2 Dopamine Receptor Interactions in Basal Ganglia Functions

1997 ◽  
pp. 193-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Marshall ◽  
David N. Ruskin ◽  
Gerald J. LaHoste
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
D2 Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Receptor Interactions

OPIOID AND DOPAMINE RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS IN MAMMALIAN BRAIN

1981 ◽  
pp. 247-249
Author(s):  
M. Makman ◽  
I. Hirschhorn ◽  
E. Gardner ◽  
L. Thal ◽  
S. Walczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Receptor Interactions

scholarly journals Enhanced Dopamine Transmission and Hyperactivity in the Dopamine Transporter Heterozygous Mice Lacking the D3 Dopamine Receptor

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8216
Author(s):  
Tatyana D. Sotnikova ◽  
Evgeniya V. Efimova ◽  
Raul R. Gainetdinov
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
D3 Receptor ◽  
Double Knockout ◽  
D3 Receptors ◽  
Extracellular Dopamine ◽  
Functional Consequences

Dopamine transporter knockout (DATk) mice are known to demonstrate profound hyperactivity concurrent with elevated (5-fold) extracellular dopamine in the basal ganglia. At the same time, heterozygous DAT mice (DATh) demonstrate a 2-fold increase in dopamine levels yet only a marginal elevation in locomotor activity level. Another model of dopaminergic hyperactivity is the D3 dopamine receptor knockout (D3k) mice, which present only a modest hyperactivity phenotype, predominately manifested as stereotypical behaviors. In the D3k mice, the hyperactivity is also correlated with elevated extracellular dopamine levels (2-fold) in the basal ganglia. Cross-breeding was used to evaluate the functional consequences of the deletion of both genes. In the heterozygous DAT mice, inactivation of the D3R gene (DATh/D3k) resulted in significant hyperactivity and further elevation of striatal extracellular dopamine above levels observed in respective single mutant mice. The decreased weight of DATk mice was evident regardless of the D3 dopamine receptor genotype. In contrast, measures of thermoregulation revealed that the marked hypothermia of DATk mice (−2 °C) was reversed in double knockout mice. Thus, the extracellular dopamine levels elevated by prolonging uptake could be elevated even further by eliminating the D3 receptor. These data also suggest that the hypothermia observed in DATk mice may be mediated through D3 receptors.

Adenosine A2A and dopamine receptor interactions in basal ganglia of dopamine denervated rats

Neurology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (Issue 11, Supplement 6) ◽  
pp. S39-S43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Carta ◽  
A. Pinna ◽  
E. Tronci ◽  
M. Morelli
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Receptor Interactions ◽  
Adenosine A2a

Expression of FoxP2 in the Basal Ganglia Regulates Vocal Motor Sequences in the Adult Songbird

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xiao ◽  
Devin P. Merullo ◽  
Mou Cao ◽  
Marissa Co ◽  
Ashwinikumar Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Vocal Development ◽  
Motor Actions

SUMMARYDisruption of the transcription factor FoxP2, which is enriched in the basal ganglia, impair vocal development in humans and songbirds. The basal ganglia are essential for the selection and sequencing of motor actions, but the circuit mechanisms governing accurate sequencing of learned vocalizations are unknown. Here, we show expression of FoxP2 in the basal ganglia is vital for the fluent initiation and termination of birdsong, and the maintenance of song syllable sequencing in adulthood. Knockdown of FoxP2 imbalances dopamine receptor expression across striatal direct-like and indirect-like pathways, suggesting a role of dopaminergic signaling in regulating vocal-motor sequencing. Confirming this prediction, we show that phasic dopamine activation, and not inhibition, during singing drives repetition of song syllables, thus also impairing fluent initiation and termination of birdsong. These findings demonstrate discrete circuit origins for the dysfluent repetition of vocal elements, a phenotype commonly observed in speech disorders.

Multisecond Oscillations in Firing Rate in the Basal Ganglia: Robust Modulation by Dopamine Receptor Activation and Anesthesia

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 2046-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Ruskin ◽  
Debra A. Bergstrom ◽  
Yoshiki Kaneoke ◽  
Bindu N. Patel ◽  
Michael J. Twery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Spike Trains ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Entopeduncular Nucleus ◽  
Periodic Oscillations

Multisecond oscillations in firing rate in the basal ganglia: robust modulation by dopamine receptor activation and anesthesia. Studies of CNS electrophysiology have suggested an important role for oscillatory neuronal activity in sensory perception, sensorimotor integration, and movement timing. In extracellular single-unit recording studies in awake, immobilized rats, we have found that many tonically active neurons in the entopeduncular nucleus ( n = 15), globus pallidus ( n = 31), and substantia nigra pars reticulata ( n = 31) have slow oscillations in firing rate in the seconds-to-minutes range. Basal oscillation amplitude ranged up to ±50% of the mean firing rate. Spectral analysis was performed on spike trains to determine whether these multisecond oscillations were significantly periodic. Significant activity in power spectra (in the 2- to 60-s range of periods) from basal spike trains was found for 56% of neurons in these three nuclei. Spectral peaks corresponded to oscillations with mean periods of ∼30 s in each nucleus. Multisecond baseline oscillations were also found in 21% of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. The dopamine agonist apomorphine (0.32 mg/kg iv, n = 10–15) profoundly affected multisecond oscillations, increasing oscillatory frequency (means of spectral peak periods were reduced to ∼15 s) and increasing the regularity of the oscillations. Apomorphine effects on oscillations in firing rate were more consistent from unit to unit than were its effects on mean firing rates in the entopeduncular nucleus and substantia nigra. Apomorphine modulation of multisecond periodic oscillations was reversed by either D1 or D2antagonists and was mimicked by the combination of selective D1 (SKF 81297) and D2 (quinpirole) agonists. Seventeen percent of neurons had additional baseline periodic activity in a faster range (0.4–2.0 s) related to ventilation. Multisecond periodicities were rarely found in neurons in anesthetized rats ( n = 29), suggesting that this phenomenon is sensitive to overall reductions in central activity. The data demonstrate significant structure in basal ganglia neuron spiking activity at unexpectedly long time scales, as well as a novel effect of dopamine on firing pattern in this slow temporal domain. The modulation of multisecond periodicities in firing rate by dopaminergic agonists suggests the involvement of these patterns in behaviors and cognitive processes that are affected by dopamine. Periodic firing rate oscillations in basal ganglia output nuclei should strongly affect the firing patterns of target neurons and are likely involved in coordinating neural activity responsible for motor sequences. Modulation of slow, periodic oscillations in firing rate may be an important mechanism by which dopamine influences motor and cognitive processes in normal and dysfunctional states.

Effects of Dopamine Receptor Stimulation on Basal Ganglia Activity

2001 ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Judith R. Walters ◽  
Debra A. Bergstrom ◽  
Lance R. Molnar ◽  
Lauren E. Freeman ◽  
David N. Ruskin
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Receptor Stimulation
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