Reconstruction and Tuning of Neural Circuits for Locomotion After Spinal Cord Injury

2014 ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Toru Ogata ◽  
Noritaka Kawashima ◽  
Kimitaka Nakazawa ◽  
Masami Akai
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Crossed activation of thoracic trunk motoneurons by medullary reticulospinal neurons

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 2601-2613
Author(s):  
Brandon K. LaPallo ◽  
Andrea Giorgi ◽  
Marie-Claude Perreault
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medullary Reticular Formation ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Brain

Activation of contralateral muscles by supraspinal neurons, or crossed activation, is critical for bilateral coordination. Studies in mammals have focused on the neural circuits that mediate cross activation of limb muscles, but the neural circuits involved in crossed activation of trunk muscles are still poorly understood. In this study, we characterized functional connections between reticulospinal (RS) neurons in the medial and lateral regions of the medullary reticular formation (medMRF and latMRF) and contralateral trunk motoneurons (MNs) in the thoracic cord (T7 and T10 segments). To do this, we combined electrical microstimulation of the medMRF and latMRF and calcium imaging from single cells in an ex vivo brain stem-spinal cord preparation of neonatal mice. Our findings substantiate two spatially distinct RS pathways to contralateral trunk MNs. Both pathways originate in the latMRF and are midline crossing, one at the level of the spinal cord via excitatory descending commissural interneurons (reticulo-commissural pathway) and the other at the level of the brain stem (crossed RS pathway). Activation of these RS pathways may enable different patterns of bilateral trunk coordination. Possible implications for recovery of trunk function after stroke or spinal cord injury are discussed. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We identify two spatially distinct reticulospinal pathways for crossed activation of trunk motoneurons. Both pathways cross the midline, one at the level of the brain stem and the other at the level of the spinal cord via excitatory commissural interneurons. Jointly, these pathways provide new opportunities for repair interventions aimed at recovering trunk functions after stroke or spinal cord injury.

scholarly journals Strategies and prospects of effective neural circuits reconstruction after spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Yang ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Feng Cheng ◽  
Liwei Ying ◽  
Chenggui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Closed-loop neuromodulation restores network connectivity and motor control after spinal cord injury

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D Ganzer ◽  
Michael J Darrow ◽  
Eric C Meyers ◽  
Bleyda R Solorzano ◽  
Andrea D Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Insult

Recovery from serious neurological injury requires substantial rewiring of neural circuits. Precisely-timed electrical stimulation could be used to restore corrective feedback mechanisms and promote adaptive plasticity after neurological insult, such as spinal cord injury (SCI) or stroke. This study provides the first evidence that closed-loop vagus nerve stimulation (CLV) based on the synaptic eligibility trace leads to dramatic recovery from the most common forms of SCI. The addition of CLV to rehabilitation promoted substantially more recovery of forelimb function compared to rehabilitation alone following chronic unilateral or bilateral cervical SCI in a rat model. Triggering stimulation on the most successful movements is critical to maximize recovery. CLV enhances recovery by strengthening synaptic connectivity from remaining motor networks to the grasping muscles in the forelimb. The benefits of CLV persist long after the end of stimulation because connectivity in critical neural circuits has been restored.

Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Improves Quality of Life for People With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512515369p1-7512515369p1
Author(s):  
Rebecca Martin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Stimulation ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (TSCS) is a novel mechanism to excite spinal neural circuits and unmask latent voluntary function. This research presentation will discuss outcomes associated with an 8-week trial combining TSCS with therapy. Participants improved in walking function, bowel and bladder function, and sensation with commensurate improvements in quality of life. TSCS is a feasible, meaningful intervention for patients with incomplete spinal cord injury. Primary Author and Speaker: Rebecca Martin

40: Is Screening Cystoscopy Necessary in Spinal Cord Injury Patients with Chronic Indwelling Urinary Catheters?

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
Jeffrey K. Lou ◽  
Daniel S. McPartlin ◽  
Adam P. Klausner
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Cord Injury
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