Synergies in Urban Environmental Policy: Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity Co-benefits in São Paulo City, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 243-272
Author(s):  
Raquel Moreno-Peñaranda
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals Tree Cover for the Year 2010 of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil

Data ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Fabien H. Wagner ◽  
Mayumi C.M. Hirye
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The World

Mapping urban trees with images at a very high spatial resolution (≤1 m) is a particularly relevant recent challenge due to the need to assess the ecosystem services they provide. However, due to the effort needed to produce these maps from tree censuses or with remote sensing data, few cities in the world have a complete tree cover map. Here, we present the tree cover data at 1-m spatial resolution of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil, the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the world. This dataset, based on 71 orthorectified RGB aerial photographs taken in 2010 at 1-m spatial resolution, was produced using a deep learning method for image segmentation called U-net. The model was trained with 1286 images of size 64 × 64 pixels at 1-m spatial resolution, containing one or more trees or only background, and their labelled masks. The validation was based on 322 images of the same size not used in the training and their labelled masks. The map produced by the U-net algorithm showed an excellent level of accuracy, with an overall accuracy of 96.4% and an F1-score of 0.941 (precision = 0.945 and recall = 0.937). This dataset is a valuable input for the estimation of urban forest ecosystem services, and more broadly for urban studies or urban ecological modelling of the São Paulo Metropolitan Region.

Local Society Perception on Ecosystem Services as an Adaptation Strategy in Urban Stream Recovery Programs in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Aparecida de Mattos de Oliveira Rolo ◽  
Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo Gallardo ◽  
Andreza Portella Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Siqueira-Gay
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Recovery Programs ◽  
Stream Recovery ◽  
The City

Addressing ecosystem services from plan to project to further tiering in impact assessment: Lessons from highway planning in São Paulo, Brazil

2022 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 106694
Author(s):  
Amarilis Lucia Casteli Figueiredo Gallardo ◽  
Josianne Cláudia Sales Rosa ◽  
Luis Enrique Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Highway Planning

scholarly journals The University of São Paulo on the 2017‘s GreenMetric Ranking

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Patricia Faga Iglecias Lemos ◽  
Fernanda da Rocha Brando ◽  
Paulo Almeida ◽  
Roberta Consentino Kronka Mülfarth ◽  
Tamara Maria Gomes Aprilanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
University Ranking ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The University

The University of São Paulo is a public University and the largest in Brazil. It is broadly organized into distinct campuses that are installed in different cities of the state of São Paulo, each one with its specific aspects. There are more than 95 thousand undergraduate and graduate regularly enrolled students, standing out as one of the best universities in Brazil and Latin America [2]. The performance of the University of São Paulo at the “UI GreenMetric World University Ranking” has improved considerably in 2017 (28th position) on the general ranking. The sustainability management process for USP is carried out considering the strengths each campus presents, but the USP governance process ensures standards and good practices are applied similarly to all areas under the university responsibility. As for example, the recent approval of the USP Environmental Policy, which process engaged the whole USP community, working together to understand the complex context of all campuses, what resulted at the end in very innovative arrangements for researching, teaching and practice for sustainability. Different of the past rankings, data provided for GreenMetric 2017 Ranking contemplated USP as a whole, because it is not possible to assess the university environmental sustainability performance in parts. This approach allowed showing the different enhanced efforts of the University as a whole. In addition, the USP’s environmental policy-making process brought about more integration between the campuses and effective actions were put into practice, helping to consolidate USP as a sustainable university. The highlight in the score was "Setting and Infrastructure": there are 76.4km2 of total area and only 2.6% from them are built-up. The University has been prioritizing the protection of green areas and biodiversity, in São Paulo city campus, totally surrounded by urban environment, but also in the other campuses in the countryside, some of them located in rural environment. This shows that USP’s campuses are environmentally responsible, providing students and staff with enjoyable, healthy and in close touch with nature places. On the topic “Transportation”, the University of São Paulo stands out also. Incentives to improve choice for public transportation and biking within the university community are among the constant concern of the University of São Paulo, which will be keeping up efforts for that.

scholarly journals A characterization of ecosystem services, drivers and values of two watersheds in São Paulo State, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Periotto ◽  
J. G. Tundisi
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Literature Information ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Abstract The evaluation of ecosystem services is a tool to raise awareness about benefits of ecosystem functions for human well-being. In Brazil, few studies and reports assess ecosystem services in a watershed context. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap by assessing ecosystem services of Jacaré-Guaçu and Jacaré-Pepira Watersheds (São Paulo State, Brazil) in a temporal scale of 10 years. Land cover and uses’ capacity to provide ecosystem services and drivers were assessed as a result of mapping these areas. Economic values were estimated based on literature information. Results showed that cultivated and managed terrestrial areas stands out over other areas and then, regulation and maintenance services are reduced in these areas. Wetlands and natural vegetation, with smaller areas, are important for the supply of regulation and maintenance services of both watersheds and economic values indicate the magnitude of degradation or maintenance/restoration.

scholarly journals HETEROGENEITY AND SPATIAL FRAGMENTATION IN THE SAO PAULO MACROMETROPOLIS: THE PRODUCTION OF BORDERS AND HOLES

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIANA RODRIGUES FAGNONI COSTA TRAVASSOS ◽  
SILVANA MARIA ZIONI ◽  
PEDRO HENRIQUE CAMPELLO TORRES ◽  
BRUNA DE SOUZA FERNANDES ◽  
GABRIEL MACHADO ARAUJO
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
City Region ◽  
Symbolic Construction ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Ways Of Life

Abstract The article aims to reveal the heterogeneities and fragmentations of the produced space in the Sao Paulo Macrometropolis, unveiling the characteristics of its holes - territories that, on one hand, do not make up the urban-industrial arrangements that give identity to this city-region, yet they do provide ecosystem services and enable other ways of life. The article arose from a conceptual survey about this city-region, focusing on the vision of heterogeneity, fragmentation and symbolic construction, and reflects on the identity and produced space in the Sao Paulo Macrometropolis (SPMM) to support the empirical analysis of the region. Through spatial analysis it presents the characteristics of territories of the Macrometropolis that are not brought to light analytically, nor are they the focus of public policies, despite their regional importance.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN GREEN AREAS: PROMOTING HEALTHY AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILHERME LEITE GAUDERETO ◽  
AMARILIS LUCIA CASTELI FIGUEIREDO GALLARDO ◽  
MAURÍCIO LAMANO FERREIRA ◽  
ANA PAULA BRANCO DO NASCIMENTO ◽  
WALDIR MANTOVANI
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Areas ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Emerging Issues

Abstract Green areas and ecosystem services are emerging issues in the management of public areas with a view to promoting healthy and sustainable cities. The aim of this study is to establish and test an Index of Ecosystem Services for Green Areas (Índice de Serviços Ecossistêmicos para Áreas Verdes - ISEAV) to evaluate ecosystem services in urban parks as a technical subsidy for the management of urban green areas. The composition of the Index was based on quantitative indicators selected from a bibliographic review. In order to demonstrate the applicability of the Index, two parks of São Paulo city were selected - Buenos Aires Park and José Emérito Brás Park - and also primary and secondary data were used. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposition and application of this Index in two parks of São Paulo, where it was possible to obtain a diversified range of ecosystem services considered relevant for the health of the population.

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