Symbolic Unity in Post-Marxism

The paper examines the question of the symbolic dimension in the political. It is argued that both Ernesto Laclau’s and Claude Lefort’s Post-Marxist accounts understand this question as a problem of rethinking symbolic unity. I will trace arguments of these accounts and examine their relation to Carl Schmitt's notion of the political. To this end, both aesthetic and politico-juridical dimensions of the political are discussed by focusing on two questions: 1) How should it be understood that in Laclau’s idea of populism the symbolic construction of the people differs from the juridical construction of the people? 2) What does it mean to understand symbolic unity as political power as Lefort does?

ROUTES OF SYMBOLIC CONSTRUCTION OF SPACE: FROM MAPPING TO STORMING HORIZONS

Актуальность исследования механизмов организации легитимного пространства, равно как самоорганизации сообществ, продиктована современными процессами, способствующими наложению политических пространств различного уровня, совмещению потоков (интересов) различного масштаба, интенсивности и направленности. Целью статьи является рассмотрение символических практик, заинтересованных акторов сообщества по конструированию пространства, их истоки и перспективы (горизонты). Достижению цели будет способствовать решение исследовательских задач по оценке символических приемов схематизации и систематизации пространства, картографирования и иконографии, прикладного охозяйствования. Реализацию данных практик и приемов полезно оценивать, как применительно к публичной сфере, так и непубличной сфере политики. При написании статьи использованы научные методы аналогии, анализа и синтеза, дедукции и индукции. По итогам исследования изложены выводы относительно действенности рассмотренных практик для формирования организованного пространства, имеющего перспективы расширения.

Photographic Portrait in the 19th Century – Uses and Functions in the Construction of Celebrities. The Case of Émile Zola

The main goal of this study is to establish a relationship between the use of the portrait and the concept of celebrity, at the end of the 19th century, taking as a corpus of analysis a set of requests for photographs sent by letter to Zola, from correspondents located in different parts of the world. It is intended, through a qualitative analysis of this collection, to identify the functionalities and contexts within this set of correspondents requested these images, in order to understand the role that photography has taken in the symbolic construction process of this figure as a celebrity.

Hiding a Ritual of Obedience

This chapter describes executions as rituals of obedience and discusses how it was used in the symbolic construction of the relationship between rulers and citizens by attempting to force individual internalization of the state's monopoly over legitimate physical violence. The chapter talks about how the elimination of executionary publicity becomes inseparable from the practices of the modern public sphere. Under the Third Republic, many people learned to be the spectators of new sights that worked by representing a reality that was physically absent (dioramas, cinema) and in turn acquired new standards of speed. They came to find executions too slow, marred by shocking incidents, severed from reality, and likely to produce unhealthy emotions. Ultimately, these spectators began to develop a public culture accustomed to more distanced forms of political communication. The depublicization of executions was achieved when the authorities concluded that the public spectacle of death no longer had an exemplary effect and was no longer a tool that legitimized the state's monopoly over physical violence.

Subjetividade e “Deslocamento” na obra homônima de Lucy Knisley

In certain way, “displacement” refers to the change. It is the action of a body that moves from a certain space to another. In addition to its obvious physical implications, in the case of human displacement, there are also great subjective implications. In this way, displacement can be of other orders, as symbolic, metaphysical and mental, we can also consider even maturation as the displacement from one psychic state to another. In this case, the present work aims to analyze the different figurations of the concept of displacement present in the work: Displacement — A travelogue by Lucy Knisley, as well as the affiliation of the work to a narrative tradition perpetrated by authors who take the daily genre and the trip report as a means of subjective construction of reality, both in literature and in comics. In order to do so, will be used authors who studied the writing of female authors, having the travel narrative as a research horizon, such as Sonia Serrano and Miriam Adelman; as well as authors who focus on the specificities of the comic language that, under the aegis of “graphic novel”, engender an aesthetic construction that privileges the autobiographical narrative (Santiago Garcia and Hilarry Chute). We intend to highlight the richness that the comics bring to the symbolic construction of the genre “travel diary/narrative” through its peculiarities of self-representation.