Concept Combination and the Origins of Complex Cognition

Abstract Objective To examine associations between subjectively-reported sleep and objectively-measured sleep (i.e., actigraphy) with different domains of cognitive functioning, and determine whether age may moderate these associations. Method In this cross-sectional study, a total of 489 participants (mean age = 45.4 years; SD = 18.8) completed a self-reported sleep measure and one week of actigraphy. Participants also completed a battery of cognitive tests measuring episodic memory, social cognition, executive functioning, and complex cognition (i.e., reasoning, visuospatial, and language abilities). Results Multiple regression analyses revealed that greater objective sleep quality and longer onset latencies were both associated with better performance on measures of conceptual flexibility. In contrast, subjective sleep quality was not associated with performance in any cognitive domain after accounting for objective sleep variables. Age moderated sleep–cognition relationships in differing ways based on cognitive domain and facet of sleep assessed. For example, whereas poorer subjective sleep quality was associated with poorer complex cognition in younger, but not older adults, poorer objective sleep quality was associated with poorer conceptual flexibility in older, but not younger adults. Conclusions Objectively-measured and self-reported sleep are associated with differing aspects of executive functioning, with the latter related to executive functioning broadly and the former associated with conceptual flexibility in particular. Age moderates sleep–cognition relationships differentially depending on the method by which sleep quality and quantity are measured.

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The organization of thinking: What functional brain imaging reveals about the neuroarchitecture of complex cognition

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience ◽

10.3758/cabn.7.3.153 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 153-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Marcel Adam Just ◽

Sashank Varma

Keyword(s):

Brain Imaging ◽

Functional Brain Imaging ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Complex Cognition

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Individual differences in working memory and complex cognition.

Journal of Educational Psychology ◽

10.1037/0022-0663.87.1.93 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 93-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Frank H. Jurden

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Complex Cognition

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Cultural Differences in Cognition: Rosetta Phase I

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.105.2.659-674 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 659-674 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Helen Altman Klein ◽

Mei-Hua Lin ◽

Mark Radford ◽

Takahiko Masuda ◽

Incheol Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Facial Expression ◽

Cultural Differences ◽

Cognitive Tasks ◽

Group Differences ◽

Diagnostic Measures ◽

Humanitarian Operations ◽

Western Group ◽

Line Test ◽

Complex Cognition ◽

Cognitive Dimensions

Cultural differences in cognition are important during multinational commercial, military, and humanitarian operations. The Rosetta Project addresses definition and measurement of key cognitive dimensions. Six potential diagnostic measures related to Analytic–Holistic reasoning were assessed: the Exclusion Task, the Attribution Complexity Scale, the Syllogism Task, Categorization, the Framed Line Test, and the Facial Expression Task. 379 participants' ages ranged from 17 to 24 years ( M = 19.8, SD = 1.4). 64.6% were women; Eastern Asian groups (Japan, Korea, and Taiwan) were assumed to have Holistic reasoning tendencies, and those from a Western group (USA) were assumed to have Analytic tendencies. Participants were recruited from subject pools in psychology using the procedures of each university. Results on the Exclusion and Categorization Tasks confirmed hypothesized differences in Analytic–Holistic reasoning. The Attribution Complexity Scale and the Facial Expression Task identified important differences among the four groups. Outcomes on the final two tasks were confounded by unrelated group differences, making comparisons difficult. Building on this exploratory study, Rosetta Phase II will include additional groups and cognitive tasks. Measures of complex cognition are also incorporated to link findings to the naturalistic contexts.

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New Evidences about Subjective Well-Being in Adolescence and Its Links with Neurocognitive Performance

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17061866 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 1866 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Javier Ortuño-Sierra ◽

Rebeca Aritio-Solana ◽

Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Social Cognition ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Neurocognitive Performance ◽

Lower Accuracy ◽

Personal Wellbeing ◽

Complex Cognition

The main purpose of the present work was to study the neurocognitive endophenotypes of adolescents at risk for low personal wellbeing. The sample included a total of 1588 adolescents from stratified random cluster sampling; derived from this sample, a group of high-risk (n = 84) and a control group (n = 84) were selected. The personal well-being index–school children (PWI–SC), the University of Pennsylvania computerized neuropsychological test battery for children (included 14 tasks assessing five neurobehavioral domains: executive functions, episodic memory, complex cognition, social cognition and sensorimotor speed), and the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) were used. Adolescents with low personal wellbeing showed statistically significant impairments across the different neurocognitive domains. In particular, adolescents at risk showed lower accuracy scores on executive function and complex cognition and lower speed scores on episodic memory, complex cognition and social cognition scores. The results of the present study contribute relevant information about the nature of neurocognitive impairments associated with subjective wellbeing and allow implementing preventive treatments.

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