scholarly journals Motion Parallax and the Perception of Three-Dimensional Surfaces

1985 ◽  
pp. 95-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Rogers ◽  
Maureen Graham
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional

Motion Parallax as an Independent Cue for Depth Perception

Perception ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Rogers ◽  
Maureen Graham
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Relative Movement ◽  
Random Dot Stereograms ◽  
Random Dot Patterns ◽  
Dimensional Surface

The perspective transformations of the retinal image, produced by either the movement of an observer or the movement of objects in the visual world, were found to produce a reliable, consistent, and unambiguous impression of relative depth in the absence of all other cues to depth and distance. The stimulus displays consisted of computer-generated random-dot patterns that could be transformed by each movement of the observer or the display oscilloscope to simulate the relative movement information produced by a three-dimensional surface. Using a stereoscopic matching task, the second experiment showed that the perceived depth from parallax transformations is in close agreement with the degree of relative image displacement, as well as producing a compelling impression of three-dimensionality not unlike that found with random-dot stereograms.

Wobble Cones and Wobble Holes: The Stereokinetic Effect Revisited

Perception ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Wilson ◽  
James O Robinson ◽  
David J Piggins
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Perceptual Invariance ◽  
Stereokinetic Effect

It is well-known that patterns of eccentric circles when slowly rotated give rise to compelling three-dimensional impressions of cones or conical holes which can ‘wobble’ as the pattern rotates. The wobble can be considered as part of the overall phenomenon of depth elicited from a rotating display, the ‘stereokinetic’ effect (SKE). This paper considers the three-dimensional appearance as being the result of the sliding of contours and thus it imitates the motion parallax found in real three-dimensional objects in motion. New variants of SK figures are used to examine these points. An analogy with computer programs is proposed which questions earlier views on the location of perceptual invariance.

The effect of overall stimulus velocity on motion parallax

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING ZHANG ◽  
PETER H. SCHILLER
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Stimulus Movement ◽  
Stimulus Velocity ◽  
Target Region ◽  
Performance Accuracy ◽  
Dimensional Object

This study examined the effectiveness with which motion parallax information can be utilized by rhesus monkeys for depth perception. A visual display comprised of random-dots that mimicked a rigid, three-dimensional object rocking back and forth was used. Differential depth was produced by presenting sub-regions of the dots moving at different velocities from the rest of dots in the display. The tasks for the monkeys were to detect or discriminate a target region that was protruding the furthest from the background plane. To understand the role of stimulus movement, we examined the accuracy and the rapidity of the saccadic responses as a function of rocking velocity of the entire three-dimensional object. The results showed that performance accuracy improved and reaction times decreased with increasing rocking velocities. The monkeys can process the motion parallax information with remarkable rapidity such that the average reaction time ranged between 212 and 246 milliseconds. The data collected suggest that the successive activation of just two sets of cones is sufficient to perform the task.

Natural three-dimensional display with smooth motion parallax using active partially pixelated masks

2014 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunbo Yu ◽  
Xinzhu Sang ◽  
Shujun Xing ◽  
Tianqi Zhao ◽  
Duo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Smooth Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional Display

Three-Dimensional Display with Smooth Motion Parallax

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 0209011
Author(s):  
桑新柱 Sang Xinzhu ◽  
于迅博 Yu Xunbo ◽  
赵天奇 Zhao Tianqi ◽  
邢树军 Xing Shujun ◽  
高鑫 Gao Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Smooth Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional Display

Retinal Size in the Visual Cliff Situation

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 903-911
Author(s):  
John W. Somervill ◽  
Sara Sharratt
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Retinal Size ◽  
Visual Cliff ◽  
Significant Preference ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Shallow Side

300 one-day-old chicks were used in two experiments. Exp. I was designed to test an hypothesis that unequal retinal size is an insufficient cue for depth discrimination in a visual cliff situation. One group of Ss was exposed to mirrors on deep and shallow sides which reflected only their image and a white ceiling. A second group was exposed to white patterns, and a third to stripe patterns equated for retinal size. No significant preferences were found. No conclusions were made regarding the cue of unequal retinal size. In Exp. II, motion parallax was maximized by the use of three-dimensional patterns. One group was exposed to 3-D patterns equated for retinal size, a second to 2-D patterns unequated, and a third to 3-D patterns unequated. A significant preference for the shallow side was found only for the first group. Results of both experiments suggested that the total size of the pattern areas was too small to permit consistent depth discrimination. Implications for studies attempting to define thresholds were discussed.

Dynamic Occlusion and Motion Parallax in Depth Perception

Perception ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ono ◽  
Brian J Rogers ◽  
Masao Ohmi ◽  
Mika E Ono
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Depth Perception ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Order ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Small Depth ◽  
Stationary Observer ◽  
Depth Separation ◽  
Condition B

Random-dot techniques were used to examine the interactions between the depth cues of dynamic occlusion and motion parallax in the perception of three-dimensional (3-D) structures, in two different situations: (a) when an observer moved laterally with respect to a rigid 3-D structure, and (b) when surfaces at different distances moved with respect to a stationary observer. In condition (a), the extent of accretion/deletion (dynamic occlusion) and the amount of relative motion (motion parallax) were both linked to the motion of the observer. When the two cues specified opposite, and therefore contradictory, depth orders, the perceived order in depth of the simulated surfaces was dependent on the magnitude of the depth separation. For small depth separations, motion parallax determined the perceived order, whereas for large separations it was determined by dynamic occlusion. In condition (b), where the motion parallax cues for depth order were inherently ambiguous, depth order was determined principally by the unambiguous occlusion information.

scholarly journals Motion Parallax Holograms Generated from an Existing Hologram

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2933
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi Shimobaba ◽  
Shuhei Katsuyama ◽  
Takashi Nishitsuji ◽  
Ikuo Hoshi ◽  
Harutaka Shiomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Light Field ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Trigonometric Functions ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Head Mounted Displays ◽  
Band Pass

Generating new motion parallax holograms is required for holographic head-mounted displays when the head moves. Additionally, it is required for hologram generation from light field data that consist of a number of motion parallax images. However, re-rendering three-dimensional (3D) scenes and re-calculating holograms are computationally complex. Therefore, we propose a generation strategy of holograms with different motion parallax from an existing hologram without re-rendering 3D scenes and re-calculating holograms. The proposed method employs Fourier band-pass filtering and the simple relation of trigonometric functions, which makes it capable of skipping the computationally complex processes.

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