Viral Diagnosis by Immunofluorescence

Electron microscopy in diagnostic virology

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100110702 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 70-73

Author(s):

S. E. Miller

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Tissue Culture ◽

Molecular Identification ◽

Point Of View ◽

Negative Stain ◽

Viral Diagnosis ◽

Electron Microscopist ◽

Diagnostic Virology

The techniques for detecting viruses are many and varied including FAT, ELISA, SPIRA, RPHA, SRH, TIA, ID, IEOP, GC (1); CF, CIE (2); Tzanck (3); EM, IEM (4); and molecular identification (5). This paper will deal with viral diagnosis by electron microscopy and will be organized from the point of view of the electron microscopist who is asked to look for an unknown agent--a consideration of the specimen and possible agents rather than from a virologist's view of comparing all the different viruses. The first step is to ascertain the specimen source and select the method of preparation, e. g. negative stain or embedment, and whether the sample should be precleared by centrifugation, concentrated, or inoculated into tissue culture. Also, knowing the type of specimen and patient symptoms will lend suggestions of possible agents and eliminate some viruses, e. g. Rotavirus will not be seen in brain, nor Rabies in stool, but preconceived notions should not prejudice the observer into missing an unlikely pathogen.

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Comparison of WI-38, MRC-5, and IMR-90 cell strains for isolation of viruses from clinical specimens

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.7.4.368-371.1978 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 368-371

Author(s):

H M Friedman ◽

C Koropchak

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Life Span ◽

Fetal Lung ◽

Cell Strain ◽

Viral Isolation ◽

Clinical Specimens ◽

Cell Strains ◽

Viral Diagnosis ◽

Human Fetal Lung ◽

Speed Of Onset

With the diminishing supply of the human fetal lung WI-38 cell strain, a replacement for viral isolation is needed. Two candidates are the human fetal lung strains MRC-5 and IMR-90. A comparison of WI-38, MRC-5, and IMR-90 was performed to evaluate efficiency and speed of viral isolation, clarity of cytophatic effect, and ease of growing the cells. The inocula were clinical specimens rather than tissue culture-adapted isolates. Frozen samples of 46 specimens that had previously yielded an isolate on WI-38 were thawed and inoculated onto WI-38, MRC-5, and IMR-90 cells. In addition, 95 freshly taken clinical specimens uf undetermined infectivity were inoculated onto the cell strains. Viral recovery rates were similar on all three strains, as were the appearance and speed of onset of the cytophatic effect. MRC-5 and WI-38 cells remained healthy until generation 36, whereas IMR-90 cells went into crisis by generation 20. The longer life span of the MRC-5 cells makes them more suitable than IMR-90 cells to replace the WI-38 strain for routine use in viral diagnosis.

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Rapid Viral Diagnosis

Medical Clinics of North America ◽

10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31161-0 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 953-972 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nathalie J. Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Viral Diagnosis

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Epidemic Preparedness—Leishmania tarentolae as an Easy-to-Handle Tool to Produce Antigens for Viral Diagnosis: Application to COVID-19

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.736530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ilaria Varotto-Boccazzi ◽

Alessandro Manenti ◽

Francesca Dapporto ◽

Louise J. Gourlay ◽

Beatrice Bisaglia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rapid Development ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Molecular Diagnostic ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Leishmania Tarentolae ◽

Cell Factories ◽

Effective System ◽

Human Sera ◽

Antiviral Antibody ◽

Viral Diagnosis

To detect and prevent emerging epidemics, discovery platforms are urgently needed, for the rapid development of diagnostic assays. Molecular diagnostic tests for COVID-19 were developed shortly after the isolation of SARS-CoV-2. However, serological tests based on antiviral antibody detection, revealing previous exposure to the virus, required longer testing phases, due to the need to obtain correctly folded and glycosylated antigens. The delay between the identification of a new virus and the development of reliable serodiagnostic tools limits our readiness to tackle future epidemics. We suggest that the protozoan Leishmania tarentolae can be used as an easy-to-handle microfactory for the rapid production of viral antigens to face emerging epidemics. We engineered L. tarentolae to express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) and we recorded the ability of the purified RBD antigen to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection in human sera, with a sensitivity and reproducibility comparable to that of a reference antigen produced in human cells. This is the first application of an antigen produced in L. tarentolae for the serodiagnosis of a Coronaviridae infection. On the basis of our results, we propose L. tarentolae as an effective system for viral antigen production, even in countries that lack high-technology cell factories.

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Molecular techniques of viral diagnosis

Science Archives ◽

10.47587/sa.2020.1304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 01 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammed Ahmed Mustafa ◽

Marwan Q AL-Samarraie ◽

Marwa T. Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Molecular Techniques ◽

Viral Diagnosis

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Introduction pages

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49112318 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 12318

Author(s):

Radu E. SESTRAS

Keyword(s):

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽

Efficient Production ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Antioxidant Characteristics ◽

Viral Diagnosis ◽

The Impact

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca (NBHA): The papers published in Issue 1, Volume 49, 2021 represent new exciting researches in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy and crop science. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about: Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals gene network regulation of TGase-induced thermotolerance in tomato; Characterization the coding and non-coding RNA components in the transcriptome of invasion weed Alternanthera philoxeroides; Morphometric analysis and sequence related amplified polymorphism determine genetic diversity in Salvia species; Viral diagnosis in cultivars of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.; Influence of fertilizer and salicylic acid treatments on growth, physiological, and antioxidant characteristics in green and red Perilla frutescens varieties; In-vitro evaluation of antioxidant and antiradical potential of successive extracts, semi-purified fractions and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles of Rumex vesicarius; Zoophagous entomofauna and entomopathogenic agents reported on Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) in north-western of Romania; Vegetative propagation and ex-situ conservation of Acantholimon androsaceum and Limonium chersonesum, two promising local endemics of Crete (Greece) available for floricultural and pharmaceutical sustainable exploitation; Quality attributes during maturation of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ apples grown in two geographical regions with different environmental conditions, etc. The Impact Factor communicated by ISI Clarivate, June 29, 2020, is IF 2019 = 1.168 (position 149 of 234 journals, Q3 in Plant Sciences). The metrics in Scopus – Elsevier (June 22, 2020): CiteScore 1.40 (#43/84 in Horticulture); SJR 0.35 - Q2, #41/90 in Horticulture (SJR Scimago Journal). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Announcement From Volume 49, Issue 1, 2021, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca journal will use article numbers in place of the traditional method of continuous pagination through the volume. This step helps us to maintain a rapid, efficient production process by being able to define pagination as soon as a paper is accepted. For papers that use article numbers, the page number of full-text articles will start from 1 to the last page and the citation needs only to list the article number. The journal will continue to appear quarterly, as before, with four annual numbers (see Publication Frequency).

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