The Role of Analytical Procedures in the Formation of Biochemicals From Experiments Simulating the Chemical Evolution of Primeval Earth

1981 ◽  
pp. 197-199
Author(s):  
F. Stoetzel ◽  
A. Shimoyama ◽  
C. Ponnamperuma ◽  
R. Buvet
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Analytical Procedures

Prebiotic studies on the interaction of zirconia nanoparticles and ribose nucleotides and their role in chemical evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Avnish Kumar Arora ◽  
Pankaj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Zirconium Oxide ◽  
Origins Of Life ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Interaction Studies

AbstractStudies on the interaction of biomolecules with inorganic compounds, mainly mineral surfaces, are of great concern in identifying their role in chemical evolution and origins of life. Metal oxides are the major constituents of earth and earth-like planets. Hence, studies on the interaction of biomolecules with these minerals are the point of concern for the study of the emergence of life on different planets. Zirconium oxide is one of the metal oxides present in earth's crust as it is a part of several types of rocks found in sandy areas such as beaches and riverbeds, e.g. pebbles of baddeleyite. Different metal oxides have been studied for their role in chemical evolution but no studies have been reported about the role of zirconium oxide in chemical evolution and origins of life. Therefore, studies were carried out on the interaction of ribonucleic acid constituents, 5′-CMP (cytidine monophosphate), 5′-UMP (uridine monophosphate), 5′-GMP (guanosine monophosphate) and 5′-AMP (adenosine monophosphate), with zirconium oxide. Synthesized zirconium oxide particles were characterized by using vibrating sample magnetometer, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. Zirconia particles were in the nanometre range, from 14 to 27 nm. The interaction of zirconium oxide with ribonucleic acid constituents was performed in the concentration range of 5 × 10−5–300 × 10−5 M. Interaction studies were carried out in three mediums; acidic (pH 4.0), neutral (pH 7.0) and basic (pH 9.0). At neutral pH, maximum interaction was observed. The interaction of zirconium oxide with 5′-UMP was 49.45% and with 5′-CMP 67.98%, while with others it was in between. Interaction studies were Langmurian in nature. Xm and KL values were calculated. Infrared spectral studies of ribonucleotides, metal oxide and ribonucleotide–metal oxide adducts were carried out to find out the interactive sites. It was observed that the nitrogen base and phosphate moiety of ribonucleotides interact with the positive charge surface of metal oxide. SEM was also carried out to study the adsorption. The results of the present study favour the important role of zirconium oxide in concentrating the organic molecules from their dilute aqueous solutions in primeval seas.

scholarly journals The role of grains in molecular chemical evolution

1986 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution

The role of phosphorus in chemical evolution

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Maciá
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution

Role of nitriles and other reactive molecules in chemical evolution

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 340-340
Author(s):  
Mohindra S. Chadha
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution

scholarly journals The role of OH in the chemical evolution of protoplanetary disks

2012 ◽  
Vol 547 ◽  
pp. A7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chaparro Molano ◽  
I. Kamp
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Protoplanetary Disks

scholarly journals The use of analytical procedures by Yemeni auditors

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Shamharir Abidin ◽  
Mohammed Abobaker Baabbad
Keyword(s):  
Financial Statements ◽  
Audit Firms ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Analytical Procedures

This study sets out to investigate the extent to which Yemeni auditors use analytical review procedures during the audit of client’s financial statements. It also examines the stage of auditing procedure in which Yemeni auditors implement analytical review procedures. Moreover, the study determines the relationships between the importance’s factors and the use of analytical review procedures. The findings of the study have indicated that the Analytical Procedures were utilized on high percentage by audits in larger and high experienced audit firms compared to small and low experienced audit firms where the results have shown low percentage. Nevertheless, the role of auditors’ perception towards Analytical Procedures has proved to have a significant effect of usage of Analytical Procedures

The role of sulphur in chemical evolution

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Raulin ◽  
G. Toupance
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution
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