Observations on vertical distribution of fungi associated with standing senescent Acanthus ilicifolius stems at Mai Po Mangrove, Hong Kong

The new genus Tirispora, with the single species Tirispora unicaudata, is described from an intertidal mangrove plant Acanthus ilicifolius in Hong Kong. The genus is compared with other genera with polar unfurling appendages: Aniptodera, Cucullosporella, Halosarpheia, Moana, Ophiodeira, and Trichomaris. Key words: ascus, Halosphaeriales, spore appendages, taxonomy, Tirispora gen.nov., ultrastructure.

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Measurement report: Vehicle-based multi-lidar observational study of the effect of meteorological elements on the three-dimensional distribution of particles in the western Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-22-139-2022 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 139-153

Author(s):

Xinqi Xu ◽

Jielan Xie ◽

Yuman Li ◽

Shengjie Miao ◽

Shaojia Fan

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Vertical Distribution ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Single Layer ◽

Bay Area ◽

Dimensional Distribution ◽

Meteorological Elements ◽

Horizontal And Vertical Distribution

Abstract. The distribution of meteorological elements has always been an important factor in determining the horizontal and vertical distribution of particles in the atmosphere. To study the effect of meteorological elements on the three-dimensional distribution structure of particles, mobile vehicle lidar and fixed-location observations were collected in the western Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China during September and October in 2019 and 2020. Vertical aerosol extinction coefficient, depolarization ratio, and wind and temperature profiles were measured using a micro pulse lidar, a Raman scattering lidar, and a Doppler wind profile lidar installed on a mobile monitoring vehicle. The mechanism of how wind and temperature in the boundary layer affects the horizontal and vertical distribution of particles was analysed. The results show that particles were mostly distributed in downstream areas on days with moderate wind speed in the boundary layer, whereas they were distributed homogeneously on days with weaker wind. There are three typical types of vertical distribution of particles in the western Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA): surface single layer, elevated single layer, and double layer. Analysis of wind profiles and Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) backward trajectory reveals different sources of particles for the three types. Particles concentrating near the temperature inversion and multiple inversions could cause more than one peak in the extinction coefficient profile. There were two mechanisms affecting the distribution of particulate matter in the upper and lower boundary layers. Based on this observational study, a general model of meteorological elements affecting the vertical distribution of urban particulate matter is proposed.

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Analysis of aerosol vertical distribution and variability in Hong Kong

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/2008jd009778 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 113 (D14) ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Qianshan He ◽

Chengcai Li ◽

Jietai Mao ◽

Alexis Kai-Hon Lau ◽

D. A. Chu

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Vertical Distribution

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