Detection of Infectious Cryptosporidium Parvum Oocysts in Environmental Water Samples using an Integrated Cell Culture-PCR (CC-PCR) system

ABSTRACT Two commercial immunomagnetic separation (IMS) kits forCryptosporidium were compared for recovery of oocysts from environmental samples. Oocyst recovery efficiencies with the Dynal and Crypto-Scan kits ranged from 62 to 100% and 34 to 74%, respectively, for seeded environmental water concentrates (turbidity of 210 to 11,480 nephelometric turbidity units). Recovery efficiencies were dependent on the mechanism of agitation during the magnetic capture procedure. An assay combining in vitro cell culture and reverse transcriptase PCR demonstrated that oocysts recovered by IMS retained their infectivity.

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Modern preconcentration methods for the determination of selenium species in environmental water samples

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0165-9936(04)00706-x ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

B WAKE

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Environmental Water Samples ◽

Selenium Species

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Improving Mycobacterium spp. detection in water: a new methodological proposal

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2004.0034 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 103-106

Author(s):

R. Santos ◽

S. Gonçalves ◽

F. Macieira ◽

F. Oliveira ◽

R. Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Samples ◽

Recovery Rate ◽

Opportunistic Infections ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Environmental Water Samples ◽

Sample Treatment ◽

Detection Time ◽

Fast Detection ◽

Enrichment Step ◽

Mycobacterium Spp

In recent years, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), once considered merely environmental saprophytes, have emerged as a major cause of opportunistic infections. There is no evidence of human-to-human transmission but they have been found in several environmental water samples. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance to develop methods of rapidly and accurately detecting non-tuberculous mycobacteria in water samples. To obtain a maximum recovery rate and a reduction of Mycobacterium spp. detection time in water samples, different decontamination, enrichment procedures and antibiotics supplements were tested before the inoculation into the Bactec® system. The proposed method of sample treatment (decrease in the decontamination time, followed for a peptone pre-enrichment step and an aztreonam and cefepime supplement) before the inoculation into the Bactec® system proved to be a good option for reliable and fast detection of Mycobacterium spp. in water samples.

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The Occurrence of Male-Specific and Somatic Bacteriophages in Polluted South African Waters

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1991.0068 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 251-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. Kfir ◽

P. Coubrough ◽

W. O. K. Grabow

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Water Samples ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Environmental Water Samples ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Male Specific

The occurrence of somatic (F') and male-specific (F') coliphages and Salmonella phages in a variety of environmental water samples was studied using different bacterial hosts. The number of plaque-forming units (pfu) of the different bacteriophages were compared and their resistance pattern to a biological treatment (humus tank) and chlorination was evaluated. The presence of the bacteriophages in shellfish was also studied. The morphology of isolate bacteriophages was examined as well as the visibility of the different plaques formed. Coliphages were found to produce larger and clearer plaques than all other bacteriophages studied. In most of the environmental water samples coliphages outnumbered all other bacteriophages, with the exception of dam water in which higher levels of F' Salmonella phages were detected. The majority of the F' Salmonella phages were shown to be RNA bacteriophages.

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