Different Interfaces of Primary Transition and Eutectic Transition

A two-dimensional model of the chromosphere and corona has been constructed. This is based upon the magnetic flux concentrations which occur at the boundaries of the supergranule convection cells. The expansion of the magnetic flux is determined by the vertical extent of the convecting plasma. The distribution of atmospheric material is consistent both with observed spectral intensities and with energy balance requirements. The model predicts a primary transition region which is confined to an area about 10" wide overlying the supergranule boundaries. A secondary transition region which is much thinner covers the cell centres. The predictions are fully consistent with recent ultraviolet observations.

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Measurement of the stress-relaxation modulus in the primary transition region

Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2 Polymer Physics ◽

10.1002/pol.1971.160090404 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 609-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. E. Kelchner ◽

J. J. Aklonis

Keyword(s):

Stress Relaxation ◽

Transition Region ◽

Relaxation Modulus ◽

Primary Transition

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What Compels Journalists to Take a Step Back?

Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts - Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-1298-2.ch003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 38-53

Author(s):

Janina Islam Abir ◽

Tanbir Farhad Shamim

Keyword(s):

Digital Media ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Press Freedom ◽

Media Access ◽

Media Freedom ◽

Transition Stage ◽

The Media ◽

Media Reform ◽

Laws And Policies ◽

Primary Transition

Reports by international organizations suggest that physical violence and threats against journalists and bloggers continued with impunity in Bangladesh, resulting in the country being ranked as 146 in the World Press Freedom Index 2018. Considering the increasing incidents of violence against journalists and attacks on media freedom, this chapter specifically aims to shed light on Bangladeshi laws and policies, which are related to media freedom and to protect media from crime against journalists. Relying on Beata Rozumilowicz's concept of media reform and stages of media reform, the study urges that Bangladesh is in under the rule of democratic rule for years that symbolizes the primary transition stage. However, the enactment of statutes on digital media, access to information, defamation, and so on epitomize the pre-transition stage of the media reform concept. Hence, the study questions the legal and media structure of Bangladesh with the historical and document analysis of laws and policies.

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The interface between fluid-like and solid-like behaviour in two-dimensional granular flows

Journal of Fluid Mechanics ◽

10.1017/s0022112092003525 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 237 ◽

pp. 541-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Yi Zhang ◽

Charles S. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Granular Flow ◽

Material Handling ◽

Stress Ratio ◽

Full Range ◽

Granular Flows ◽

Static Mode ◽

Coulomb Type ◽

Fluid Behaviour ◽

Effective Phase ◽

Primary Transition

The effective phase change from fluid behaviour to solid behaviour, that too often occurs in granular flow and brings with it such unwelcome events as funnel flows in hoppers and clogging of other material handling devices, is studied using a discrete particle computer simulation of a Couette flow with gravity. This simulation exhibits the full range of granular flow behaviour, from a stagnant solid-like material, through a quasi-static transition zone, to a rapid granular flow. The most important result is that the first movement in the material just above the static bed occurs in a quasi-static mode at a fixed value of the stress ratio τxy/τyy. Thus, it appears that the primary transition from solid to fluid behaviour is a yield-like phenomenon and can be described by a Mohr-Coulomb-type failure criterion.

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Zur Theorie der Vorstellungsproduktion (,,Grazer" Gestalttheorie I: France Weber)

Grazer Philosophische Studien ◽

10.1163/18756735-073001002 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 27-41

Author(s):

Tanja Pihlar

Keyword(s):

Higher Order ◽

Considerable Importance ◽

Four Levels ◽

Primary Transition ◽

Surrogate Production

In the following discussion, we are dealing with Weber's theory of the production of presentations, as presented in his article "The Problem of the Production of Presentations". In this article, published in 1928, Weber offers an essential modification of a version of the theory of objects which had been developed by the Graz school (and was closely linked with the theory of higher-order objects). According to Weber, the production of presentations consists in a primary transition from passive to corresponding active presentations (so there is active as well as passive presentation). Weber distinguishes several types of production of presentations: psychophysical, content, act, intentional, and surrogate production, all of which can be divided into many subtypes. Most interesting in this connection is his theory of intentional presentation. In the 1928 article, Weber postulates non-intentional presentations, on which intentional presentations are based. He distinguishes four levels of intentionality: non-intentional presentation, on the lowest level, is followed by presentational intentionality, isolative, and rational intentional presentation. Weber's 1928 article is of considerable importance for an understanding of his subsequent philosophical development.

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