Role of Compatible Solutes in Enhancing Antioxidative Defense in Plants Exposed to Metal Toxicity

2018 ◽  
pp. 207-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Handa ◽  
Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli ◽  
Ravdeep Kaur ◽  
Anket Sharma ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Antioxidative Defense

The Role of the Antioxidative Defense System in Papulopustular Acne

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Y. Basak ◽  
Fatih Gultekin ◽  
Ibrahim Kilinc
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Antioxidative Defense System

Evolution of the diverse biological roles of inositols

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 223-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Michell
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Functional Diversification ◽  
Redox Reagent ◽  
Ca2 Channels ◽  
Mycobacterium Spp

Several of the nine hexahydroxycylohexanes (inositols) have functions in Biology, with myo-inositol (Ins) in most of the starring roles; and Ins polyphosphates are amongst the most abundant organic phosphate constituents on Earth. Many Archaea make Ins and use it as a component of diphytanyl membrane phospholipids and the thermoprotective solute di-L-Ins-1,1′-phosphate. Few bacteria make Ins or use it, other than as a carbon source. Those that do include hyperthermophilic Thermotogales (which also employ di-l-Ins-1,1′-phosphate) and actinomycetes such as Mycobacterium spp. (which use mycothiol, an inositol-containing thiol, as an intracellular redox reagent and have characteristic phosphatidylinositol-linked surface oligosaccharides). Bacteria acquired their Ins3P synthases by lateral gene transfer from Archaea. Many eukaryotes, including stressed plants, insects, deep-sea animals and kidney tubule cells, adapt to environmental variation by making or accumulating diverse inositol derivatives as ‘compatible’ solutes. Eukaryotes use phosphatidylinositol derivatives for numerous roles in cell signalling and regulation and in protein anchoring at the cell surface. Remarkably, the diradylglycerol cores of archaeal and eukaryote/bacterial glycerophospholipids have mirror image configurations: sn-2,3 and sn-1,2 respectively. Multicellular animals and amoebozoans exhibit the greatest variety of functions for PtdIns derivatives, including the use of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 as a signal. Evolutionarily, it seems likely that (i) early archaeons first made myo-inositol approx. 3500 Ma (million years) ago; (ii) archeons brought inositol derivatives into early eukaryotes (approx. 2000 Ma?); (iii) soon thereafter, eukaryotes established ubiquitous functions for phosphoinositides in membrane trafficking and Ins polyphosphate synthesis; and (iv) since approx. 1000 Ma, further waves of functional diversification in amoebozoans and metazoans have introduced Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor Ca2+ channels and the messenger role of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.

Role of Bioremediation Agents (Bacteria, Fungi, and Algae) in Alleviating Heavy Metal Toxicity

2017 ◽  
pp. 517-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid ul Hassan ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Muhammad Nafees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Heavy Metal Toxicity

Major Compatible Solutes and Structural Adaptation of Proteins in Extremophiles

2022 ◽  
pp. 161-186
Author(s):  
Hardik Shah ◽  
Khushbu Panchal ◽  
Amisha Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Organic Solutes ◽  
Structural Adaptation ◽  
Extreme Habitats

Extremophiles are the most ancient microbes on the Earth and also a center of attraction for the scientific community for research because of their ability to adapt to extreme habitats. Compatible solutes are among those factors which enable these microorganisms to thrive in such extreme habitats. Under osmotic stress, the majority of extremophiles accumulate specific organic solutes such as amino acids, sugars, polyols, and their derivatives. In addition, proteins in extremophiles are found to be evolved by changing their amino acid composition to alter the hydrophobicity of its core and surface charge to maintain activity. This chapter encompasses a comprehensive study about the role of various compatible solutes in the endurance of microorganisms under extremophilic conditions, synthesis of compatible solutes, nature of extremophilic proteins, and their applications. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to cover various strategies adopted by the scientific community while pursuing research on compatible solutes.

Role of the Fusarium oxysporum metallothionein Mt1 in resistance to metal toxicity and virulence

Metallomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1230-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damaris Lorenzo-Gutiérrez ◽  
Lucía Gómez-Gil ◽  
Josep Guarro ◽  
M. Isabel G. Roncero ◽  
Ana Fernández-Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Evolutionary Adaptation ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Soil Organisms

Soil organisms exhibit high tolerance to heavy metals, probably acquired through evolutionary adaptation to contaminated environments.

scholarly journals Tracing the role of plant proteins in the response to metal toxicity: a comprehensive review

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e1507401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Jain ◽  
Sowbiya Muneer ◽  
Gea Guerriero ◽  
Shiliang Liu ◽  
Kanchan Vishwakarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Plant Proteins ◽  
Comprehensive Review
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