The Role of Microorganisms in Remediation of Environmental Contaminants

2021 ◽  
pp. 421-450
Author(s):  
Gaganpreet Kaur ◽  
Damanjeet Kaur ◽  
Saurabh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Contaminants

scholarly journals Sex Differentiation in Amphibians: Effect of Temperature and Its Influence on Sex Reversal

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Adrián Ruiz-García ◽  
Álvaro S. Roco ◽  
Mónica Bullejos
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Sex Reversal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Expected Increase

The role of environmental factors in sexual differentiation in amphibians is not new. The effect of hormones or hormone-like compounds is widely demonstrated. However, the effect of temperature has traditionally been regarded as something anecdotal that occurs in extreme situations and not as a factor to be considered. The data currently available reveal a different situation. Sexual differentiation in some amphibian species can be altered even by small changes in temperature. On the other hand, although not proven, it is possible that temperature is related to the appearance of sex-reversed individuals in natural populations under conditions unrelated to environmental contaminants. According to this, temperature, through sex reversal (phenotypic sex opposed to genetic sex), could play an important role in the turnover of sex-determining genes and in the maintenance of homomorphic sex chromosomes in this group. Accordingly, and given the expected increase in global temperatures, growth and sexual differentiation in amphibians could easily be affected, altering the sex ratio in natural populations and posing major conservation challenges for a group in worldwide decline. It is therefore particularly urgent to understand the mechanism by which temperature affects sexual differentiation in amphibians.

scholarly journals Constructing Xenobiotic Maps of Metabolism to Predict the Role of Enzymes in DNA Adduct Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maël Conan ◽  
Nathalie Théret ◽  
Sophie Langouet ◽  
Anne Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Adduct Formation ◽  
Dna Adduct ◽  
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines ◽  
Reaction Prediction ◽  
Prediction Tools

Abstract Background : The liver plays a major role in the metabolic activation of xenobiotics (drugs, chemicals such as pollutants, pesticides, food additives...). Among environmental contaminants of concern, heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA) are xenobiotics classified as possible or probable carcinogens (2A or 2B) by IARC for which low information exist in humans. While HAA is a family of more than thirty identified chemicals, the metabolism activation and DNA adduct formation have been fully characterized in human liver for few of them (MeIQx, PhIP, AalphaC). Results: We developed a modeling approach in order to predict all the possible metabolite derivatives of a xenobiotic. Our approach relies on the construction of an enriched and annotated map of derivative metabolites from an input metabolite. The pipeline assembles reaction prediction tools (SyGMa), sites of metabolism prediction tools (Way2Drug, SOMP and Fame 3), a tool to estimate the ability of a xenobotics to form DNA adducts (XenoSite Reactivity V1), and a filtering procedure based on Bayesian framework. This prediction pipeline was evaluated using caffeine and then applied to HAAs. The method was applied to determine enzyme profiles associated with the maximization of DNA adducts formation derived from each HAA. These profiles could be very different depending on the chemicals allowing to classify HAAs which have been grouped by their associated profiles. Conclusions: Overall, such a predictive toxicological model based on a in silico systems biology approach open perspectives to estimate genotoxicity of various chemical classes of environmental contaminants. Moreover, our approach based on enzymes profile determination open the perspective to predict various xenobiotics derived metabolites susceptible to bind DNA adducts in both normal and physiopathological situations.

The role of environmental contaminants in the development of endometriosis: a systematic review.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Conforti ◽  
Cira Buonfantino ◽  
Francesca Caprio ◽  
Paolo Chiodini ◽  
Giuseppe Coppol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Contaminants

scholarly journals Role of Environmental Contaminants in the Etiology of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manivannan Yegambaram ◽  
Bhagyashree Manivannan ◽  
Thomas Beach ◽  
Rolf Halden
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Contaminants
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