Trace Detection of C-4 on Aluminum Using Mid-Infrared Reflection–Absorption Quantum Cascade Laser Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Vladimir Villanueva-López ◽  
Annette M. Colón-Mercado ◽  
Karla M. Vázquez-Vélez ◽  
John R. Castro-Suarez ◽  
Leonardo C. Pacheco-Londoño Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Trace Detection ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Infrared Reflection

Applications of Quantum Cascade Laser Spectroscopy in the Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1511-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataly J. Galán-Freyle ◽  
Leonardo C. Pacheco-Londoño ◽  
Andrés D. Román-Ospino ◽  
Samuel P. Hernandez-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Quantum Cascade

Quantum cascade laser spectroscopy was used to quantify active pharmaceutical ingredient content in a model formulation. The analyses were conducted in non-contact mode by mid-infrared diffuse reflectance. Measurements were carried out at a distance of 15 cm, covering the spectral range 1000–1600 cm−1. Calibrations were generated by applying multivariate analysis using partial least squares models. Among the figures of merit of the proposed methodology are the high analytical sensitivity equivalent to 0.05% active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation, high repeatability (2.7%), high reproducibility (5.4%), and low limit of detection (1%). The relatively high power of the quantum-cascade-laser-based spectroscopic system resulted in the design of detection and quantification methodologies for pharmaceutical applications with high accuracy and precision that are comparable to those of methodologies based on near-infrared spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection mid-infrared Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.

Measurement of automobile N2O from bag and continuous stream by quantum cascade laser spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montajir Rahman ◽  
Richard Rooney ◽  
Kenji Hara ◽  
Shigeru Nakatani
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Laser Analyzer ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

N2O emission from automobile has been regulated by the United States Environment Protection Agency due to its higher global warming potential compared to CO2. Responding to this, an instrument for fast sensing of ultra-low concentration of N2O from automobile has become an urgent need. In this study, an instrument based on the quantum cascade laser spectroscopy has been developed and applied for certification testing of ultra-low N2O in automobile exhaust. The pulsed quantum cascade laser can emit coherent lights in the mid-infrared region where N2O shows strong absorption and better control of wavelength. Therefore, a very low detection limit can be achieved and interference of co-existing gases can be avoided using a super fine resolution of the mid-infrared spectrum. The US Code of Federal Regulations Parts 1065/1066 allows measuring N2O from sample storage bags, from a continuous dilute stream or a raw exhaust stream. Typically, batch (bag) sampling has better accuracy and repeatability, but continuous sampling is more efficient in terms of test cell running time and provides test-mode emissions. In this study, the quantum cascade laser analyzer has been applied to investigate correlations between bag sampling and continuous dilute exhaust sampling using a fleet of vehicles with a wide range of N2O emission levels all meeting United States Environment Protection Agency emission standards. Very good correlation between these two sampling methods was observed for the majority of tests conducted and in best case the difference was less than ±1%. The direct injection gasoline vehicle emits higher N2O than conventional port injection gasoline vehicles. The quantum cascade laser analyzer has been successfully applied for United States Environment Protection Agency N2O certification test.

scholarly journals Mid-infrared quantum cascade laser frequency combs with a microstrip-like line waveguide geometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 071101
Author(s):  
Filippos Kapsalidis ◽  
Barbara Schneider ◽  
Matthew Singleton ◽  
Mathieu Bertrand ◽  
Emilio Gini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Frequency Combs ◽  
Quantum Cascade ◽  
Waveguide Geometry

Direct Determination of Transparency Current in Mid-Infrared Quantum Cascade Laser

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Revin ◽  
R. S. Hassan ◽  
A. B. Krysa ◽  
K. Kennedy ◽  
A. N. Atkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Cascade Laser ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Quantum Cascade
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