EXPRESS: Interband Cascade Laser Arrays for Simultaneous and Selective Analysis of C1-C5 Hydrocarbons in the Petrochemical Industry

The detection and measurement of hydrocarbons is of high interest for a variety of applications, for example within the oil & gas industry from extraction throughout the complete refining process, as well as for environmental monitoring and for portable safety devices. This paper presents a highly sensitive, selective and robust tunable laser analyzer that has the capability to analyze several components in a gas sample stream. More specifically, a multi-gas system for simultaneous detection of C1 to iC5 hydrocarbons, using a room temperature distributed feedback interband cascade laser array, emitting in the 3.3 micrometer band has been realized. It combines all the advantages of the tunable laser spectroscopy method for a fast, sensitive and selective in-line multicomponent tunable laser analyzer. Capable of continuous and milliseconds fast monitoring of C1-iC5 hydrocarbon compositions in a process stream, the analyzer requires no consumables (e.g. purging, carrier gas) and no in-field calibration, enabling a low cost of ownership for the analyzer. The system was built, based on an industrial GasEye series platform and deployed for the first time in field at Preem refinery in Lysekil, Sweden in autumn 2018. Results of the measurement campaign and comparison with gas chromatography instrumentation is presented.

PROPERTIES RESEARCH OF ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE POWDER OBTAINED THROUGH CHEMICAL DISPERSION OF ALLOY V95 SCRAP

There is considered a possibility to obtain a new ceramic material of alloy V95 by means of chemical dispersion of chips and sintering aluminum hydroxide powder obtained. The rheological properties of the powder obtained are analyzed, with the aid of laser analyzer there is defined an average particles size and their specific surface, the X-ray phase analysis is carried out.

Measurement of automobile N2O from bag and continuous stream by quantum cascade laser spectroscopy

N2O emission from automobile has been regulated by the United States Environment Protection Agency due to its higher global warming potential compared to CO2. Responding to this, an instrument for fast sensing of ultra-low concentration of N2O from automobile has become an urgent need. In this study, an instrument based on the quantum cascade laser spectroscopy has been developed and applied for certification testing of ultra-low N2O in automobile exhaust. The pulsed quantum cascade laser can emit coherent lights in the mid-infrared region where N2O shows strong absorption and better control of wavelength. Therefore, a very low detection limit can be achieved and interference of co-existing gases can be avoided using a super fine resolution of the mid-infrared spectrum. The US Code of Federal Regulations Parts 1065/1066 allows measuring N2O from sample storage bags, from a continuous dilute stream or a raw exhaust stream. Typically, batch (bag) sampling has better accuracy and repeatability, but continuous sampling is more efficient in terms of test cell running time and provides test-mode emissions. In this study, the quantum cascade laser analyzer has been applied to investigate correlations between bag sampling and continuous dilute exhaust sampling using a fleet of vehicles with a wide range of N2O emission levels all meeting United States Environment Protection Agency emission standards. Very good correlation between these two sampling methods was observed for the majority of tests conducted and in best case the difference was less than ±1%. The direct injection gasoline vehicle emits higher N2O than conventional port injection gasoline vehicles. The quantum cascade laser analyzer has been successfully applied for United States Environment Protection Agency N2O certification test.

Effect of Aluminum Powder on the Luminous Intensity of an Illuminant

The particle diameter and luminous intensity of aluminum powder were measured by laser analyzer and photo-effect tester. The luminous intensity of [Ba(NO3)2＋Al] illuminant were studied for different shape and diameter of aluminum powder as well as ultra-fine powder prepared by chemical method. The results show that the luminous intensity increases with particle size reduced, and luminous intensity of non-spherical aluminum is more than that of spherical aluminum. The change rate of luminous intensity increases rapidly when particle diameter was less than 2μm. It’s change rate in [0.6，2.13] is 4.37 times that in [2.13，4.24] interval.The ultra-fine aluminum powder and the submicron aluminum powder can effectively enhance the luminous performance of pyrotechnics.